EML (emsy-like) proteini su čitači histonskih modifikacija koji učestvuju u regulaciji razvića semena kod Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.
Molecular and developmental roles of EML (emsylike) proteins as histone mark readers in seed development of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.
2020
Document Type:
Conference object (Published version)
,
© 2020 Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Banja Luka
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract:
Epigenetics has gained significant attention in the past few years, as it has
become evident that chromatin modifications play a major role in regulating
gene expression. Among the epigenetic phenomena, many players and their
function still remain unknown, especially the effector proteins (histone mark
readers) that translate histone marks into an active or repressed chromatin
state. So far a relatively few plant so-called histone readers have been
identified to be instrumental for many developmental processes. Seed
development in flowering plants is initiated by double fertilization of two
female gametes by the two sperm cells, whereby fertilization of the haploid
egg cell will generate the diploid embryo, while fertilization of the diploid
central cell will generate the triploid endosperm. Any change in the genomic
contribution of one parent often leads to severe defects including seed
abortion. The repression of auxin synthesis by the Polycomb Repressive
Complex 2 (PRC2) is a major mechanism contributing to sensing genome
balance. Proteins involved in recognizing histone posttranslational
modifications (PTMs) are often included in the regulation of plant
development in conjunction with in PRC2. Results from our study show that
EML1 and EML3, proteins that belong to the EMSY-Like Tudor/Agenet
protein family, are H3K36me3 histone readers necessary to maintain parental
genome balance in Arabidopsis. We furthermore show by analyzing the
mutant phenotypes that both EML1 and EML3 are required to prevent seed
development before fertilization, and to regulate the balance of parental
contributions after fertilization. We hypothesize that EML1 and EML3
function to repress paternal gene expression by regulating auxin transport and
signaling. Finally, we propose a mechanism of apomictic seed production in
Arabidopsis, based on the fine-tuning of auxin flow during seed development,
by the histone readers EML1 and EML3, which could be exploited for the
engineering of asexual reproduction through seeds (apomixis), and for
generating new interspecies hybrids.
Keywords:
Arabidopsis thaliana; Histone readers; Apomixis; Seed development; AuxinIn:
- Jojić D, editor. IV symposium of biologists and ecologists of Republic of Srpska with international participation – SBERS2020: Book of Abstracts; 2020 Nov 12-14; Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovinia. Banja Luka: Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Banja Luka; 2020. p. 82-4.