@article{
author = "Sudar, Emina M and Dobutović, Branislava D and Soskić, Sanja S and Mandušić, Vesna and Zakula, Zorica and Misirkić Marjanović, Maja and Vučićević, Ljubica and Janjetović, Kristina and Trajković, Vladimir S and Mikhailidis, Dimitri P and Isenović, Esma R",
year = "2011",
abstract = "The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ghrelin on protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinase p42/44 (ERK1/2) activation as well as ghrelin effects on inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS; for gene Nos2) activity/expression in rat hearts. Male Wistar rats were treated with ghrelin (0.3 nmol/5 mu l) or an equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline, injected every 24 h into the lateral cerebral ventricle for 5 days and 2 h after the last treatment the animals were sacrificed. Serum NO, l-arginine (l-Arg), and arginase activity were measured spectrophotometrically. For phosphorylation of Akt, ERK1/2, and iNOS protein expression, Western blot method was used. The expression of Nos2 mRNA was measured by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Treatment with ghrelin significantly increased NO production in serum by 1.4-fold compared with control. The concentration of l-Arg was significantly higher in ghrelin-treated rats than in control while arginase activity was significantly lower in ghrelin-treated than in control hearts. Ghrelin treatment increased phosphorylation of Akt by 1.9-fold and ERK1/2 by 1.6-fold and increased iNOS expression by 2.5-fold compared with control. In addition, ghrelin treatment increased Nos2 gene expression by 2.2-fold as determined by qRT-PCR. These results indicate that ghrelin regulation of iNOS expression/activity is mediated via Akt/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. These results may be relevant to understanding molecular mechanisms underlying direct cardiovascular actions of ghrelin.",
journal = "Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry",
title = "Regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase activity/expression in rat hearts from ghrelin-treated rats",
number = "2",
volume = "67",
pages = "483-204",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_1121"
}