TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jojić, Vida
AU  - Bajić, Aleksandar
AU  - Barišić Klisarić, Nataša
AU  - Bugarski-Stanojević, Vanja
AU  - Snoj, Aleš
AU  - Miljanović, Branko
AU  - Askeyev, Oleg
AU  - Askeyev, Igor
AU  - Marić, Saša
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6390
AB  - This is a preliminary and exploratory study of cranial variation in European populations of grayling. We
investigated the correspondence between size/shape variation of the dorsal (dc), ventral (vc) and occipital
(oc) cranium and phylogenetic relationships (inferred from mitochondrial control region – mtDNA cr
and microsatellite dna data) of six grayling populations: three from Balkan phylogenetic clade and two
from Caspian phylogenetic clade of the European grayling Thymallus thymallus and one population of
the Adriatic grayling Thymallus aeliani, which until recently was considered the Adriatic phylogenetic
clade of T. thymallus. Significant size and shape differences were found between populations in all three
cranial views. However, significant size-related shape variation (allometry) was found for dc and vc, but
not for oc. The size variation of each cranial view does not contain phylogenetic signal, but size variation
of oc is consistent with genetic variation inferred from microsatellite dna. Regarding shape variation, a
significant phylogenetic signal was detected only for oc, and only the shape variation of oc is consistent
with the genetic variation inferred from the mtDNA cr. Moreover, the Adriatic grayling T. aeliani (Soča
population) was clearly separated from the three T. thymallus populations of the Balkan phylogenetic
clade and the two T. thymallus populations of the Caspian phylogenetic clade only at the level of oc. Thus,
our results suggest that different cranial regions differ in allometry, reflect phylo(genetic) relationships
differently, and exhibit differences in ecophenotypic plasticity, with oc seeming best suited to represent
the phylogenetic relationships of the grayling populations studied.
PB  - Leiden: Brill
T2  - Contributions to Zoology
T1  - Exploring the phylogenetic signal in the cranial variation of European populations of grayling (Actinopterygii, Salmonidae)
IS  - 5
VL  - 92
DO  - 10.1163/18759866-bja10051
SP  - 510
EP  - 532
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Jojić, Vida and Bajić, Aleksandar and Barišić Klisarić, Nataša and Bugarski-Stanojević, Vanja and Snoj, Aleš and Miljanović, Branko and Askeyev, Oleg and Askeyev, Igor and Marić, Saša",
year = "2023",
abstract = "This is a preliminary and exploratory study of cranial variation in European populations of grayling. We
investigated the correspondence between size/shape variation of the dorsal (dc), ventral (vc) and occipital
(oc) cranium and phylogenetic relationships (inferred from mitochondrial control region – mtDNA cr
and microsatellite dna data) of six grayling populations: three from Balkan phylogenetic clade and two
from Caspian phylogenetic clade of the European grayling Thymallus thymallus and one population of
the Adriatic grayling Thymallus aeliani, which until recently was considered the Adriatic phylogenetic
clade of T. thymallus. Significant size and shape differences were found between populations in all three
cranial views. However, significant size-related shape variation (allometry) was found for dc and vc, but
not for oc. The size variation of each cranial view does not contain phylogenetic signal, but size variation
of oc is consistent with genetic variation inferred from microsatellite dna. Regarding shape variation, a
significant phylogenetic signal was detected only for oc, and only the shape variation of oc is consistent
with the genetic variation inferred from the mtDNA cr. Moreover, the Adriatic grayling T. aeliani (Soča
population) was clearly separated from the three T. thymallus populations of the Balkan phylogenetic
clade and the two T. thymallus populations of the Caspian phylogenetic clade only at the level of oc. Thus,
our results suggest that different cranial regions differ in allometry, reflect phylo(genetic) relationships
differently, and exhibit differences in ecophenotypic plasticity, with oc seeming best suited to represent
the phylogenetic relationships of the grayling populations studied.",
publisher = "Leiden: Brill",
journal = "Contributions to Zoology",
title = "Exploring the phylogenetic signal in the cranial variation of European populations of grayling (Actinopterygii, Salmonidae)",
number = "5",
volume = "92",
doi = "10.1163/18759866-bja10051",
pages = "510-532"
}

Jojić, V., Bajić, A., Barišić Klisarić, N., Bugarski-Stanojević, V., Snoj, A., Miljanović, B., Askeyev, O., Askeyev, I.,& Marić, S.. (2023). Exploring the phylogenetic signal in the cranial variation of European populations of grayling (Actinopterygii, Salmonidae). in Contributions to Zoology
Leiden: Brill., 92(5), 510-532.
https://doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10051

Jojić V, Bajić A, Barišić Klisarić N, Bugarski-Stanojević V, Snoj A, Miljanović B, Askeyev O, Askeyev I, Marić S. Exploring the phylogenetic signal in the cranial variation of European populations of grayling (Actinopterygii, Salmonidae). in Contributions to Zoology. 2023;92(5):510-532.
doi:10.1163/18759866-bja10051 .

Jojić, Vida, Bajić, Aleksandar, Barišić Klisarić, Nataša, Bugarski-Stanojević, Vanja, Snoj, Aleš, Miljanović, Branko, Askeyev, Oleg, Askeyev, Igor, Marić, Saša, "Exploring the phylogenetic signal in the cranial variation of European populations of grayling (Actinopterygii, Salmonidae)" in Contributions to Zoology, 92, no. 5 (2023):510-532,
https://doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10051 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bajić, Aleksandar
AU  - Jojić, Vida
AU  - Snoj, Aleš
AU  - Miljanović, Branko
AU  - Askeyev, Oleg
AU  - Askeyev, Igor
AU  - Marić, Saša
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0044523117301195
UR  - https://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2957
AB  - We employed geometric morphometric techniques to investigate external (body) morphology of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) populations from the wild and hatchery facilities. Wild graylings were representative of Balkan and Caspian phylogenetic clades, whereas hatchery-reared specimens originated from Balkan and Adriatic phylogenetic clades. Individuals of T. thymallus from the Adriatic phylogenetic clade were the largest, followed by those from the Balkan phylogenetic clade, while graylings from the Caspian phylogenetic clade were the smallest. Graylings from hatchery facilities were larger than graylings from the wild. Body shape variation in T. thymallus coincides with genetic differentiation of the analyzed populations, whereas it is less influenced by difference in environment they experience in wild and captive habitats. Although hatcheries can generate large numbers of individuals, some of which will have an extreme phenotype, the variance in body shape was similar in captive and wild populations. Allometric relations were different between specimens from the wild and from hatchery facilities, as well as among those belonging to different phylogenetic clades. Allometric analyses performed separately for the wild and hatchery-reared populations revealed significant effect of allometry and similar trends in size-related shape variation among populations from different phylogenetic clades. We found that phenetic relationships among the studied wild grayling populations inferred from non-allometric body shape variation better reflected their phylogenetic relationships than equivalent data from hatchery populations.
T2  - Zoologischer Anzeiger
T2  - Zoologischer Anzeiger
T1  - Comparative body shape variation of the European grayling Thymallus thymallus (Actinopterygii, Salmonidae) from wild populations and hatcheries
VL  - 272
DO  - 10.1016/j.jcz.2017.12.005
SP  - 73
EP  - 80
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bajić, Aleksandar and Jojić, Vida and Snoj, Aleš and Miljanović, Branko and Askeyev, Oleg and Askeyev, Igor and Marić, Saša",
year = "2018",
abstract = "We employed geometric morphometric techniques to investigate external (body) morphology of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) populations from the wild and hatchery facilities. Wild graylings were representative of Balkan and Caspian phylogenetic clades, whereas hatchery-reared specimens originated from Balkan and Adriatic phylogenetic clades. Individuals of T. thymallus from the Adriatic phylogenetic clade were the largest, followed by those from the Balkan phylogenetic clade, while graylings from the Caspian phylogenetic clade were the smallest. Graylings from hatchery facilities were larger than graylings from the wild. Body shape variation in T. thymallus coincides with genetic differentiation of the analyzed populations, whereas it is less influenced by difference in environment they experience in wild and captive habitats. Although hatcheries can generate large numbers of individuals, some of which will have an extreme phenotype, the variance in body shape was similar in captive and wild populations. Allometric relations were different between specimens from the wild and from hatchery facilities, as well as among those belonging to different phylogenetic clades. Allometric analyses performed separately for the wild and hatchery-reared populations revealed significant effect of allometry and similar trends in size-related shape variation among populations from different phylogenetic clades. We found that phenetic relationships among the studied wild grayling populations inferred from non-allometric body shape variation better reflected their phylogenetic relationships than equivalent data from hatchery populations.",
journal = "Zoologischer Anzeiger, Zoologischer Anzeiger",
title = "Comparative body shape variation of the European grayling Thymallus thymallus (Actinopterygii, Salmonidae) from wild populations and hatcheries",
volume = "272",
doi = "10.1016/j.jcz.2017.12.005",
pages = "73-80"
}

Bajić, A., Jojić, V., Snoj, A., Miljanović, B., Askeyev, O., Askeyev, I.,& Marić, S.. (2018). Comparative body shape variation of the European grayling Thymallus thymallus (Actinopterygii, Salmonidae) from wild populations and hatcheries. in Zoologischer Anzeiger, 272, 73-80.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2017.12.005

Bajić A, Jojić V, Snoj A, Miljanović B, Askeyev O, Askeyev I, Marić S. Comparative body shape variation of the European grayling Thymallus thymallus (Actinopterygii, Salmonidae) from wild populations and hatcheries. in Zoologischer Anzeiger. 2018;272:73-80.
doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2017.12.005 .

Bajić, Aleksandar, Jojić, Vida, Snoj, Aleš, Miljanović, Branko, Askeyev, Oleg, Askeyev, Igor, Marić, Saša, "Comparative body shape variation of the European grayling Thymallus thymallus (Actinopterygii, Salmonidae) from wild populations and hatcheries" in Zoologischer Anzeiger, 272 (2018):73-80,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2017.12.005 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Bajić, Aleksandar
AU  - Jojić, Vida
AU  - Miljanović, Branko
AU  - Snoj, Aleš
AU  - Askeyev, Oleg
AU  - Askeyev, Igor
AU  - Marić, Saša
PY  - 2016
UR  - http://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5427
AB  - The European grayling, Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus, 1758) is salmonid fish species
naturally inhabiting most of European continent. In the past two decades majority of research aimed
European grayling genetic structure and description of its phylogenetic lineages. In contrast, not
many morphological studies of this species have been published so far. We analyzed external body
morphology of T. thymallus from three different basins that correspond to three previously described
phylogenetic lineages. Landmark-based geometric morphometric methods were applied to specimens
of five European grayling populations (Adriatic Sea – Soča River, Black Sea – Sava Bohinjka and Una
Rivers, Caspian Sea – Bugurla and Kana Rivers). Body size analyses disclosed statistically significant
differences for all pairwise comparisons, except for those between Sava Bohinjka and Una (P=0.0505)
and between Bugurla and Kana populations (P=0.1016). When comparing centroid size (CS), Soča
population had the largest mean value (CS=40.11), while Bugurla population had the smallest one
(CS=18.67). Using multivariate regression of shape variables onto log CS we found that allometric
effect was significant (P<0.0001) and accounted for 6.37% of overall shape variation. Canonical variate
analysis (CVA) of non-allometric shape variation showed clear separation of all populations. Specimens
from Bugurla and Kana populations in comparison to those from the other three populations (separated
along CV1) are characterized by heads with smaller opercle in relation to subopercle and trunks with
longer dorsal and adipose fins and larger distance between anterior bases of ventral and anal fins.
Individuals from Soča population compared to those from Una population (separated along CV2) have
more robust heads and trunks with longer dorsal fins. These results match to genetic differences already
observed for populations studied herein. Morphologically most diverged population was the one from
Soča River (Adriatic basin) which is in accordance with its large genetic distinctiveness.
PB  - Skopje: Macedonian Ecological Society
C3  - 5th Congress of ecologists of the Republic of Macedonia with international participation: Abstract book; 2016 Oct 19-22; Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia
T1  - Morphological variation of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) from three different basins (Adriatic Sea, Black Sea and Caspian Sea) based on external body morphology.
SP  - 35
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_5427
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Bajić, Aleksandar and Jojić, Vida and Miljanović, Branko and Snoj, Aleš and Askeyev, Oleg and Askeyev, Igor and Marić, Saša",
year = "2016",
abstract = "The European grayling, Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus, 1758) is salmonid fish species
naturally inhabiting most of European continent. In the past two decades majority of research aimed
European grayling genetic structure and description of its phylogenetic lineages. In contrast, not
many morphological studies of this species have been published so far. We analyzed external body
morphology of T. thymallus from three different basins that correspond to three previously described
phylogenetic lineages. Landmark-based geometric morphometric methods were applied to specimens
of five European grayling populations (Adriatic Sea – Soča River, Black Sea – Sava Bohinjka and Una
Rivers, Caspian Sea – Bugurla and Kana Rivers). Body size analyses disclosed statistically significant
differences for all pairwise comparisons, except for those between Sava Bohinjka and Una (P=0.0505)
and between Bugurla and Kana populations (P=0.1016). When comparing centroid size (CS), Soča
population had the largest mean value (CS=40.11), while Bugurla population had the smallest one
(CS=18.67). Using multivariate regression of shape variables onto log CS we found that allometric
effect was significant (P<0.0001) and accounted for 6.37% of overall shape variation. Canonical variate
analysis (CVA) of non-allometric shape variation showed clear separation of all populations. Specimens
from Bugurla and Kana populations in comparison to those from the other three populations (separated
along CV1) are characterized by heads with smaller opercle in relation to subopercle and trunks with
longer dorsal and adipose fins and larger distance between anterior bases of ventral and anal fins.
Individuals from Soča population compared to those from Una population (separated along CV2) have
more robust heads and trunks with longer dorsal fins. These results match to genetic differences already
observed for populations studied herein. Morphologically most diverged population was the one from
Soča River (Adriatic basin) which is in accordance with its large genetic distinctiveness.",
publisher = "Skopje: Macedonian Ecological Society",
journal = "5th Congress of ecologists of the Republic of Macedonia with international participation: Abstract book; 2016 Oct 19-22; Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia",
title = "Morphological variation of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) from three different basins (Adriatic Sea, Black Sea and Caspian Sea) based on external body morphology.",
pages = "35",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_5427"
}

Bajić, A., Jojić, V., Miljanović, B., Snoj, A., Askeyev, O., Askeyev, I.,& Marić, S.. (2016). Morphological variation of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) from three different basins (Adriatic Sea, Black Sea and Caspian Sea) based on external body morphology.. in 5th Congress of ecologists of the Republic of Macedonia with international participation: Abstract book; 2016 Oct 19-22; Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia
Skopje: Macedonian Ecological Society., 35.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_5427

Bajić A, Jojić V, Miljanović B, Snoj A, Askeyev O, Askeyev I, Marić S. Morphological variation of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) from three different basins (Adriatic Sea, Black Sea and Caspian Sea) based on external body morphology.. in 5th Congress of ecologists of the Republic of Macedonia with international participation: Abstract book; 2016 Oct 19-22; Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia. 2016;:35.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_5427 .

Bajić, Aleksandar, Jojić, Vida, Miljanović, Branko, Snoj, Aleš, Askeyev, Oleg, Askeyev, Igor, Marić, Saša, "Morphological variation of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) from three different basins (Adriatic Sea, Black Sea and Caspian Sea) based on external body morphology." in 5th Congress of ecologists of the Republic of Macedonia with international participation: Abstract book; 2016 Oct 19-22; Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia (2016):35,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_5427 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Bajić, Aleksandar
AU  - Marić, Saša
AU  - Miljanović, Branko
AU  - Snoj, Aleš
AU  - Askeyev, Oleg
AU  - Askeyev, Igor
AU  - Jojić, Vida
PY  - 2016
UR  - http://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5426
AB  - The European grayling, Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus, 1758) is salmonid fish species with
complex life history depicted mostly by recent genetic research. As a result, at least five major
phylogenetic lineages have been described and fine genetic structure in each of the lineages has
been discovered. Herein, we analyzed cranial morphology of T. thymallus from three different basins
that correspond to three previously described phylogenetic lineages. Landmark-based geometric
morphometric methods were applied to four cranial views (dorsal, ventral, lateral and occipital). We
used specimens from five European grayling populations (Adriatic Sea – Soča River, Black Sea – Sava
Bohinjka and Una Rivers, Caspian Sea – Bugurla and Kana Rivers). Cranial size analyses revealed
significant size differences for all pairwise comparisons (dorsal cranium: P<0.05; ventral cranium:
P<0.01; lateral cranium: P<0.05; occipital cranium: P<0.05). When comparing centroid sizes (CS) for
all four views, Soča population had the largest mean values, while Bugurla population had the smallest
values of centroid size means. Significant interaction between log CS and population was revealed
only for ventral cranium (λWilks=0.1454, F92,232.07=1.58, P=0.0031). Therefore, Canonical variate analysis
(CVA) of inter-population ventral cranial shape differences was conducted without correction for the
allometry. For the other three cranial perspectives, CVA of non-allometric shape variation showed
best separation of studied populations at the level of occipital cranium. Namely, populations from
the same basin were grouped more tightly, while Soča population was separated from the other four
populations. Specimens from Caspian Sea basin showed overall flattening of the cranium in occipital
view. In individuals from Soča population dorsal base of supraoccipital crest was moved more dorsally,
resulting in higher skull with pronounced supraoccipital crest. Most of the landmarks digitized on
occipital cranium were located on neurocranial skeletal elements that are generally considered more
conservative and thus gave best reflection of phylogenetic relationships.
PB  - Skopje: Macedonian Ecological Society
C3  - 5th Congress of ecologists of the Republic of Macedonia with international participation: Abstract book; 2016 Oct 19-22; Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia
T1  - Which cranial view (dorsal, ventral, lateral or occipital) best reflects phylogenetic  relationships among five European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) populations?
SP  - 34
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_5426
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Bajić, Aleksandar and Marić, Saša and Miljanović, Branko and Snoj, Aleš and Askeyev, Oleg and Askeyev, Igor and Jojić, Vida",
year = "2016",
abstract = "The European grayling, Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus, 1758) is salmonid fish species with
complex life history depicted mostly by recent genetic research. As a result, at least five major
phylogenetic lineages have been described and fine genetic structure in each of the lineages has
been discovered. Herein, we analyzed cranial morphology of T. thymallus from three different basins
that correspond to three previously described phylogenetic lineages. Landmark-based geometric
morphometric methods were applied to four cranial views (dorsal, ventral, lateral and occipital). We
used specimens from five European grayling populations (Adriatic Sea – Soča River, Black Sea – Sava
Bohinjka and Una Rivers, Caspian Sea – Bugurla and Kana Rivers). Cranial size analyses revealed
significant size differences for all pairwise comparisons (dorsal cranium: P<0.05; ventral cranium:
P<0.01; lateral cranium: P<0.05; occipital cranium: P<0.05). When comparing centroid sizes (CS) for
all four views, Soča population had the largest mean values, while Bugurla population had the smallest
values of centroid size means. Significant interaction between log CS and population was revealed
only for ventral cranium (λWilks=0.1454, F92,232.07=1.58, P=0.0031). Therefore, Canonical variate analysis
(CVA) of inter-population ventral cranial shape differences was conducted without correction for the
allometry. For the other three cranial perspectives, CVA of non-allometric shape variation showed
best separation of studied populations at the level of occipital cranium. Namely, populations from
the same basin were grouped more tightly, while Soča population was separated from the other four
populations. Specimens from Caspian Sea basin showed overall flattening of the cranium in occipital
view. In individuals from Soča population dorsal base of supraoccipital crest was moved more dorsally,
resulting in higher skull with pronounced supraoccipital crest. Most of the landmarks digitized on
occipital cranium were located on neurocranial skeletal elements that are generally considered more
conservative and thus gave best reflection of phylogenetic relationships.",
publisher = "Skopje: Macedonian Ecological Society",
journal = "5th Congress of ecologists of the Republic of Macedonia with international participation: Abstract book; 2016 Oct 19-22; Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia",
title = "Which cranial view (dorsal, ventral, lateral or occipital) best reflects phylogenetic  relationships among five European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) populations?",
pages = "34",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_5426"
}

Bajić, A., Marić, S., Miljanović, B., Snoj, A., Askeyev, O., Askeyev, I.,& Jojić, V.. (2016). Which cranial view (dorsal, ventral, lateral or occipital) best reflects phylogenetic  relationships among five European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) populations?. in 5th Congress of ecologists of the Republic of Macedonia with international participation: Abstract book; 2016 Oct 19-22; Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia
Skopje: Macedonian Ecological Society., 34.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_5426

Bajić A, Marić S, Miljanović B, Snoj A, Askeyev O, Askeyev I, Jojić V. Which cranial view (dorsal, ventral, lateral or occipital) best reflects phylogenetic  relationships among five European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) populations?. in 5th Congress of ecologists of the Republic of Macedonia with international participation: Abstract book; 2016 Oct 19-22; Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia. 2016;:34.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_5426 .

Bajić, Aleksandar, Marić, Saša, Miljanović, Branko, Snoj, Aleš, Askeyev, Oleg, Askeyev, Igor, Jojić, Vida, "Which cranial view (dorsal, ventral, lateral or occipital) best reflects phylogenetic  relationships among five European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) populations?" in 5th Congress of ecologists of the Republic of Macedonia with international participation: Abstract book; 2016 Oct 19-22; Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia (2016):34,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_5426 .