TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mandim, Filipa
AU  - Petropoulos, Spyridon A.
AU  - Pinela, José
AU  - Dias, Maria Inês
AU  - Kostić, Marina
AU  - Soković, Marina
AU  - Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.
AU  - Santos-Buelga, Celestino
AU  - Barros, Lillian
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/5/699
UR  - http://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4980
AB  - Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus var. altilis) blades were collected at sixteen sampling dates (B1-B16) to study the influence of the phenological growth stage on the phenolic composition and biological properties. Twenty phenolic compounds were identified, among which trans 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and luteolin-O-hexoside (39.6, 42.6, and 101.0 mg/g extract, respectively) were the main compounds. Immature blades (B3) had a higher content of phenolic compounds (178 mg/g extract) and a greater ability to inhibit the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (IC50 of 1.61 µg/mL). Samples at more advanced growth stages revealed a greater capacity to inhibit oxidative hemolysis (B8, IC50 of 25 and 47.4 µg/mL for Δt of 60 and 120 min, respectively) and higher cytotoxic (B8-B13, GI50 between 7.1 and 17 µg/mL), anti-inflammatory (B13, IC50 of 10 µg/mL), and antibacterial activities. In turn, the antifungal activity varied depending on the tested fungi. All these results suggest that maturity influences the phenolic composition and bioactive properties of cardoon blades, which reveal great potential for the development of bioactive ingredients for food and pharmaceutical applications, among others.
PB  - Basel: MDPI
T2  - Biology
T1  - Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Cytotoxic, and Antimicrobial Activities of Cardoon Blades at Different Growth Stages.
IS  - 5
VL  - 11
DO  - 10.3390/biology11050699
SP  - 699
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Mandim, Filipa and Petropoulos, Spyridon A. and Pinela, José and Dias, Maria Inês and Kostić, Marina and Soković, Marina and Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R. and Santos-Buelga, Celestino and Barros, Lillian",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus var. altilis) blades were collected at sixteen sampling dates (B1-B16) to study the influence of the phenological growth stage on the phenolic composition and biological properties. Twenty phenolic compounds were identified, among which trans 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and luteolin-O-hexoside (39.6, 42.6, and 101.0 mg/g extract, respectively) were the main compounds. Immature blades (B3) had a higher content of phenolic compounds (178 mg/g extract) and a greater ability to inhibit the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (IC50 of 1.61 µg/mL). Samples at more advanced growth stages revealed a greater capacity to inhibit oxidative hemolysis (B8, IC50 of 25 and 47.4 µg/mL for Δt of 60 and 120 min, respectively) and higher cytotoxic (B8-B13, GI50 between 7.1 and 17 µg/mL), anti-inflammatory (B13, IC50 of 10 µg/mL), and antibacterial activities. In turn, the antifungal activity varied depending on the tested fungi. All these results suggest that maturity influences the phenolic composition and bioactive properties of cardoon blades, which reveal great potential for the development of bioactive ingredients for food and pharmaceutical applications, among others.",
publisher = "Basel: MDPI",
journal = "Biology",
title = "Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Cytotoxic, and Antimicrobial Activities of Cardoon Blades at Different Growth Stages.",
number = "5",
volume = "11",
doi = "10.3390/biology11050699",
pages = "699"
}

Mandim, F., Petropoulos, S. A., Pinela, J., Dias, M. I., Kostić, M., Soković, M., Ferreira, I. C. F. R., Santos-Buelga, C.,& Barros, L.. (2022). Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Cytotoxic, and Antimicrobial Activities of Cardoon Blades at Different Growth Stages.. in Biology
Basel: MDPI., 11(5), 699.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11050699

Mandim F, Petropoulos SA, Pinela J, Dias MI, Kostić M, Soković M, Ferreira ICFR, Santos-Buelga C, Barros L. Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Cytotoxic, and Antimicrobial Activities of Cardoon Blades at Different Growth Stages.. in Biology. 2022;11(5):699.
doi:10.3390/biology11050699 .

Mandim, Filipa, Petropoulos, Spyridon A., Pinela, José, Dias, Maria Inês, Kostić, Marina, Soković, Marina, Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R., Santos-Buelga, Celestino, Barros, Lillian, "Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Cytotoxic, and Antimicrobial Activities of Cardoon Blades at Different Growth Stages." in Biology, 11, no. 5 (2022):699,
https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11050699 . .