Sesquiterpene Lactones from Anthemis melanolepis and Their Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities. Prediction of Their Pharmacokinetic Profile

Abstract

Nine sesquiterpene lactones, anthemin A (1), 1 alpha-hydroxydeacetylirinol-4 alpha,5 beta-epoxide (2), anthemin C (3), tatridin A (4), 1-epi-tatridin B (5), anthemin B (6), 6-deacetyl-beta-cyclopyrethrosin (7), elegalactone A (8), and 1 beta,4 alpha,6 alpha-trihydroxyeudesm-11-en-8 alpha-12-olide (9), were isolated front the aerial parts of A. melanolepis in addition to eight known flavonoids and three phenolic acids. Compounds 1, 3, and 6 are new natural products. The structures of the compounds were deduced by spectroscopic methods. The in vitro antimicrobial potential of the isolated sesquiterpene lactones four Gram-positive and five Gram-negative bacteria and One fungus was evaluated using the against microdilution method, and their in vitro cytotoxic activity was determined against a panel of human tumor cell lines. Furthermore. The pharmacokinetic profile Of the sesquiterpene lactones was investigated using computational methods.