Hemijski sastav i antifungalna aktivnost etarskog ulja Salvia sclarea (Lamiaceae)

Abstract

Clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) is native to Southern Europe and is cultivated worldwide. The essential oil of clary sage was analyzed as a potential antifungal agent. The main compounds in the oil were linalyl acetate (52.83%) and linalool (18.18%). Food poisoning agents, spoilage fungi, and plant and animal pathogens were among the tested fungal species. The microdilution method was used to establish minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFC). The commercial antimycotic bifonazole was used as a control. A concentration of 25 μl/ml showed fungicidal activity against Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium species and Trichoderma viride. For the species Mucor mucedo and Aspergillus viride, the MFC was 15μl/ml; for Candida albicans, it was 10 μl/ml, as in the case of bifonazole. Fungistatic and fungicidal activities of the oil against Cladosporium cladosporioides and Trichophyton menthagrophytes were recorded at concentrations of 2.5 μl/ml and 5 μl/ml. The most sensitive micromycetes were Cladosporium fulvum, Alternaria alternata, Phomopsis helianthi, and Phoma macdonaldii, where a concentration of 2.5 μl/ml was lethal.

Šarlahna žalfija (Salvia sclarea L.) je kao samonikla vrsta rasprostranjena u Južnoj Evropi, a kultivisana širom sveta. U radu je analizirano etarsko ulje ove vrste i utvrđivana njegova antifungalna aktivnost. Glavne komponente etarskog ulja su linalil acetat (52.83%) i linalol (18.18%). Kao test organizmi korišćene su gljivice koje izazivaju kvarenje hrane, kao i patogeni biljaka i životinja. Korišćenjem mikrodilucione metode određivane su minimalne inhibitorne (MIC) i minimalne fungicidne koncentracije (MFC). Komercijalni antimikotik bifonazol je korišćen kao kontrola. U koncentraciji od 25 µl/ml ulje je delovalo fungicidno na vrste rodova Aspergillus, Penicillium i Fusarium i vrstu Trichoderma viride. Za vrste Mucor mucedo i Aspergillus viride MFC je bila 15 µl/ml, i 10 µl/ml za C. albicans, slično kao za bifonazol. Potpuno zaustavljanje rasta micelija Cladosporium cladosporioides i Trichophyton menthagrophytes je postignuto pri koncentracijama 2.5 µl/ml i 5 µl/ml. Najosetljivije mikromicete bile su Cladosporium fulvum, Alternaria alternata, Phomopsis helianthi i Phoma macdonaldii, za koje je letalna koncentracija bila 2.5 µl/ml.