Alteration of flower color in Iris germanica L. `Fire Bride' through ectopic expression of phytoene synthase gene (crtB) from Pantoea agglomerans
2014
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Genetic modulation of the carotenogenesis in I. germanica `Fire Bride'
by ectopic expression of a crtB gene causes several flower parts to
develop novel orange and pink colors.
Flower color in tall bearded irises (Iris germanica L.) is determined by
two distinct biochemical pathways; the carotenoid pathway, which imparts
yellow, orange and pink hues and the anthocyanin pathway, which produces
blue, violet and maroon flowers. Red-flowered I. germanica do not exist
in nature and conventional breeding methods have thus far failed to
produce them. With a goal of developing iris cultivars with red flowers,
we transformed a pink iris I. germanica, `Fire Bride', with a bacterial
phytoene synthase gene (crtB) from Pantoea agglomerans under the control
of the promoter region of a gene for capsanthin-capsorubin synthase from
Lilium lancifolium (Llccs). This approach aimed to increase the flux of
metabolites into the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway and lead to
elevated levels of lycopene and darker pink or red flowers. Iris callus
tissue ectopically expressing the crtB gene exhibited a color change
from yellow to pink-orange and red, due to accumulation of lycopene.
Transgenic iris plants, regenerated from the crtB-transgenic calli,
showed prominent color changes in the ovaries (green to orange), flower
stalk (green to orange), and anthers (white to pink), while the
standards and falls showed no significant differences in color when
compared to control plants. HPLC and UHPLC analysis confirmed that the
color changes were primarily due to the accumulation of lycopene. In
this study, we showed that ectopic expression of a crtB can be used to
successfully alter the color of certain flower parts in I. germanica
`Fire Bride' and produce new flower traits.
Кључне речи:
Carotenoids; Tall bearded iris; Flower color; Flower-specific promoterИзвор:
Plant Cell Reports, 2014, 33, 8, 1307-1321
DOI: 10.1007/s00299-014-1617-4
ISSN: 1432-203X