Loss of Cathepsin B and L Leads to Lysosomal Dysfunction, NPC-Like Cholesterol Sequestration and Accumulation of the Key Alzheimer's Proteins
2016
Аутори:
Cermak, StjepkoKosicek, Marko
Mladenović, Aleksandra
Smiljanić, Kosara
Kanazir, Selma
Hecimovic, Silva
Lakshmana, Madepalli K.
Тип документа:
Чланак у часопису (Објављена верзија)
Метаподаци
Приказ свих података о документуАпстракт:
Proper function of lysosomes is particularly important in neurons, as they cannot dilute accumulated toxic molecules and aggregates by cell division. Thus, impairment of lysosomal function plays an important role in neuronal degeneration and in the pathogenesis of numerous neurodegenerative diseases. In this work we analyzed how inhibition and/or loss of the major lysosomal proteases, the cysteine cathepsins B and L (CtsB/L), affects lysosomal function, cholesterol metabolism and degradation of the key Alzheimer's disease (AD) proteins. Here, we show that cysteine CtsB/L, and not the aspartyl cathepsin D (CtsD), represent a major lysosomal protease(s) that control lysosomal function, intracellular cholesterol trafficking and AD-like amyloidogenic features. Intriguingly, accumulation of free cholesterol in late endosomes/lysosomes upon CtsB/L inhibition resembled a phenotype characteristic for the rare neurodegenerative disorder Niemann-Pick type C (NPC). CtsB/L inhibition and not the inhibition of CtsD led to lysosomal impairment assessed by decreased degradation of EGF receptor, enhanced LysoTracker staining and accumulation of several lysosomal proteins LC3II, NPC1 and NPC2. By measuring the levels of NPC1 and ABCA1, the two major cholesterol efflux proteins, we showed that CtsB/L inhibition or genetic depletion caused accumulation of the NPC1 in lysosomes and downregulation of ABCA1 protein levels and its expression. Furthermore, we revealed that CtsB/L are involved in degradation of the key Alzheimer’s proteins: amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) and C-terminal fragments of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and in degradation of β-secretase (BACE1). Our results imply CtsB/L as major regulators of lysosomal function and demonstrate that CtsB/L may play an important role in intracellular cholesterol trafficking and in degradation of the key AD proteins. Our findings implicate that enhancing the activity or levels of CtsB/L could provide a promising and a common strategy for maintaining lysosomal function and for preventing and/or treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Кључне речи:
Lysosomes; Cholesterol; Alzheimer disease; CHO cells; Immunostaining; Confocal microscopy; Cysteine; Neurodegenerative diseasesИзвор:
PLOS ONE, 2016, 11, 11, e0167428-e0167428Финансирање / пројекти:
- Swiss National Science Foundation grant - SCOPES (IZ73Z0-152496, to A.M.-D. and S.H.)
- Пластичност мозга током старења: утицај дијеталне рестрикције и анестезије (RS-MESTD-Basic Research (BR or ON)-173056)
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167428
ISSN: 1932-6203
PubMed: 27902765
WoS: 000389474100081
Scopus: 2-s2.0-84999143646
URI
https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84999143646&origin=SingleRecordEmailAlert&dgcid=scalert_sc_search_email&txGid=BC81928C1802E221B1A9A8D8F9963BDB.wsnAw8kcdt7IPYLO0V48gA%253a21http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167428
https://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2478