Efekat nutritivnog stresa na rast i fiziologiju varenja kod larvi Lymantria dispar

Abstract

The effects of parental and offspring diet on larval growth, food consumption and utilization, and activities of three digestive enzymes (a-amylase trypsin, leucine aminopeptidase) were examined in extremely polyphagous insect, the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar). In parental generation, gypsy moth larvae were reared on oak (Quercus cerris) leaves as optimal host or beech (Fagus silvatica) leaves which contains flavonoids and alkaloids. In offspring generation, after molting into the 4th instar, they were either switched from oak to beech or remained on oak leaves. Decreased growth and food utilization efficiency, increased assimilation efficiency and activities of a-amylase and trypsin were recorded in larvae switched to beech leaves. Significant parental effects were demonstrated for fourth instar duration, weight of fifth instar larvae and specific activity of leucine aminopeptidase. Physiological, ecological and evolutionary context of the obtained results were stressed in the present paper.

Kod gubara (Lymantria dispar), izrazito polifagnog insekta, ispitivan je efekat ishrane u roditeljskoj i potomačkoj generaciji na rast larvi konzumaciju i utilizaciju hrane i aktivnost tri digestivna enzima (a-amilaze, tripsina, leucin aminopeptidaze). Larve gubara su u roditeljskoj generaciji gajene na lišću hrasta (Quercus cerris) kao optimalnom domaćinu ili lišću bukve (Fagus silvatica) koje sadrži flavonoide i alkaloide. U potomačkoj generaciji, posle ulaska u IV stupanj, larve su ili prebačene sa hrastovog na bukovo lišće ili su nastavile da se hrane hrastovim lišćem. Kod larvi prebačenih na ishranu bukovim lišćem pokazan je smanjen rast i efikasnost utilizacije hrane, povećana efikasnost asimilacije i aktivnost a-amilaze i tripsina. Značajan parentalni efekat je dobijen za trajanje IV stupnja, težinu larvi u V stupnju i specifičnu aktivnost leucin aminopeptidaze. U ovom radu je istaknut fiziološki, ekološki i evolucioni kontekst dobijenih rezultata.