Potencijalna uloga gubara (Lymantria dispar, L.) kao bioindikatora zagađenosti životne sredine: uticaj hroničnog izlaganja kadmijumu na razviće, aktivnosti digestivnih enzima srednjeg creva, mehanizme detoksifikacije i stepen oštećenja DNK
Potential role of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar, L.) as a bioindicator of environmental pollution: the impact of cadmium chronic exposure on the development, midgut digestive enzyme activities, detoxification mechanisms and DNA damage level
2018
Authors:
Matić, DraganaContributors
Vlahović, MilenaĐurašević, Siniša
Perić Mataruga, Vesna
Ilijin, Larisa
Kolarević, Stoimir
Document Type:
Doctoral thesis (Published version)
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract:
Industrial and agricultural development as well as global urbanization have caused considerable increase in the environmental pollution including extremely toxic heavy metal cadmium. The aim of this dissertation was to evaluate gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar, L.) larvae as bioindicators of cadmium contamination. Parameters at different levels of biological organization were assessed after chronic exposure of larvae to the metal (50 and 100 μg Cd/g dry food). To investigate the effects of population origin, gypsy moth egg-masses were collected from two unpolluted localities on Kosmaj and Homolje mountains and two polluted sites near the busy Ibar highway and Bor copper mine. Midgut digestive enzymes (proteases, alkaline and acid phosphatases and nonspecific esterases) of Kosmaj larvae were more sensitive to cadmium, especially to lower metal concentration, compared to those of Ibar larvae. Hsp70 induction was the most prominent midgut detoxification mechanism against cadmium in the population from the unpolluted forest, whereas metallothionein synthesis was the most significant in larvae from the polluted site. Activities of antioxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase, exhibited a decreasing trend in both populations. The primary route of cadmium elimination was via feces in all metal-fed groups, but after an exposure to 50 μg Cd/g dry food metal content was significantly higher in feces of Kosmaj larvae compared to those from the highway locality. Exposure of caterpillars from the Homolje mountains to the metal led to the higher level of DNA damage in the hemocytes and a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability, whereas in Bor population only hemocyte viability was reduced after the treatment with 100 μg Cd/g dry food. Devastating cadmium effects and energetically expensive detoxification mechanisms affected the fitness traits (larval mass, relative growth rate or development parameters) in all populations. The application of selected parameters (specific activities of trypsin, nonlisosomal acid phosphatases and nonspecific esterases, Hsp70 expression, hemocyte viability and DNA damage level) as biomarkers of environmental cadmium pollution is limited mostly to sensitive populations that have not been previously exposed to pollutants. Metallothionein concentration might be suitable as a biomarker for the populations at locations that have been contaminated for a long period.
Keywords:
Lymantria dispar, L.; Cadmijum; Digestive enzymes; Antioxidative enzymes; Hsp70; Metallothionein; Cadmium accumulation in tissues; Genotoxicity; Fitness traits; BiomarkersSource:
Universiy of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, 2018, 1-135Funding / projects:
- The effects of magnetic fields and other environmental stressors on the physiological responses and behavior of different species (RS-MESTD-Basic Research (BR or ON)-173027)