Delimično sušenje korenova - novi pristup u gajenju i navodnjavanju paprike (Capsicum annuum L) i paradajza (Lycopersicon esculentum L)

Abstract

Pepper and tomato plants were grown in the commercial compost with the root system divided equally into two parts (FDR technique). At the end of the vegetative and during the generative stage of development, half of the root system was exposed to drought, while the reminding part was irrigated. One PRD treatment lasted approximately 10 days and during that period the soil water content in the dry root side was reduced to 30%. After this, the treatment was reversed, allowing the previously dried compartment to be well watered and the well-watered compartment to dry down. In control plants both compartments were watered daily to the drip point throughout the experimental period. During the experimental period the following parameters were measured: plant height, leaf number, shoot DW, fruit DW and water-use efficiency (WUE). Obtained results show that as a result of the PRD treatment, the growth of whole plants was reduced, while the fruit growth was not reduced, although the WUE was increased. These results point out that by this technique it is possible to reduce the amount of irrigation water without a significant yield reduction.

Biljke paprike i paradajza su gajene u komercijalnom supstratu sa korenovim sistemom razdvojenim na dve polovine (DSK tehnika). Na kraju vegetativne i tokom generativne faze razvića polovina korenovog sistema je izlagana suši dok je druga polovina zalivana, Jedan DSK ciklus traje oko 10 dana. i u toku tog perioda vlažnost supstrata u zasušivanom delu korenovog sistema se spušta na 30% optimalnog vodnog kapaciteta. Zatim se viši inverzija, tako da se zasušivana polovina korena zaliva, a zalivana polovina zasušuje. Kod kontrolnih biljaka ceo koren je optimalno zalivan tokom celog eksperimentalnog perioda. U toku eksperimentalnog perioda obavljena su merenja visine biljaka, broja listova, suve mase izdanka, suve mase plodova i efikasnosti korišćenja vode (WUE). Rezultati merenja ovih parametara su pokazali da je kao posledica DSK tehnike došlo do redukcije rasta biljaka ali ne i plodova, dok su WUE vrednosti porasle. Ovi rezultati su pokazali da je primenom DSK tehnike moguća redukcija količine vode za zalivanje, a da se pri tome značajno ne redukuje prinos.