In vitro razmnožavanje odabranih sorti i hibrida ljiljana (Lilium sp)

Abstract

Five commercial cultivars of Lilium, three of the group Orientals (Belcanto Kasandra and Sol) and two Asiatic hybrids (with yellow and orange coloured flowers) were introduced to in vitro culture conditions by culturing explants from bulb leaves on the MS medium with 3% sucrose, 0.2 mgl"1 BA and 0.05 mgl"1 NAA. The efficiency of the bulblet production (proliferation) for five cultivars was ~ 70%. The bulblet multiplication was continued on the same medium with sucrose increased to 5%. Prior to planting, bulblets were stored for two months in a cold room (+5°C) in darkness on media with 9% sucrose to breake the dormancy. The bulblet number, weight, dimensions and root production in darkness were measured. The largest bulblets (1343.35 mg) were formed by cv. Sol. Bulblets of Asiatic cultivars were much smaller than of cultivars of the group Orientals. After planting, the adaptation success was approximately 70 % on the average. Plants flowered in spring some 18 months after planting.

Komercijalne sorte ljiljana, tri iz grupe Orienta (sorte Belcanto, Kasandra i Sol) i dve iz grupe Asiatic (žuta i narandžasta), su uvedene u in vitro kulturu indukovanjem pupoljaka na odsečcima listića lukovica na čvrstoj MS podlozi sa 3% saharoze, 0,2 mgl"1 BAP i 0,05 mgl1 NAA. Uspešnost indukcije pupoljaka kod svih pet sorti bila je ~ 70%. Umnožavanje lukovica nastavljeno je na istoj podlozi uz povišenu koncentraciju saharoze od 5%. Da bi se ukinula dormantnost rastenja umnoženih lukovica, kulture su pre sadnje gajene dva meseca u hladnoj komori na + 5°C, u mraku, na podlozi bez hormona i sa 9% saharoze. Na kraju ogleda izmerene su dimenzije i težina lukovica kao i razvoj korenovog sistema na njima. Najveće lukovice razvijala je sorta Sol (1345,35 mg), a najmanje žuti Asiatic (176,97 mg). Adaptacija posađenih lukovica bila je oko 90 %. Biljke su procvetale u proleće, godinu i po dana nakon sadnje.