Fitohemijska i anatomska analiza vrste Gentiana dinarica Beck., Gentianaceae

Abstract

Gentiana dinarica Beck. (Gentianaceae) is a rare plant species growing at carbonate soils in subalpine and alpine regions. Acording to the Flora of Serbia G. dinarica is only distributed in Kosovo. In course of our recent pharmacognostic investigations G. dinarica was found at two localities on the mountain Tara, locality Zvezda (1230 m) and Veliki Kraj (1330 m). Plant material (aerial parts and roots) was collected from June to August 2000-2001. Anatomic and phytochemical analyses were carried out. Preliminary screening of the extracts of the roots and aerial parts of G. dinarica showed the presence of secoiridoids, flavonoids and xanthone compounds. From both extracts three secoiridoids were isolated (swertiamarin, gentiopicrin and sweroside).

Vrsta Gentiana dinarica Beck. (Gentianaceae) je retka biljna vrsta koja je u Srbiji, prema Flori Srbije, do sada konstatovana samo na Kosovu. U toku terenskih istraživanja, ovu vrstu smo zabeležili na dva lokaliteta na planini Tari i to lokalitet Zvezda (1230 m) i lokalitet Veliki Kraj (1330 m).Specifičnost anatomske građe korena G. dinarica je slabo odrveneo kislem, i tzv. unutarksilemski floem, odnosno grupice floemskih elemenata u centralnom delu sekundarnog drveta.Preliminarno ispitivanje ekstrakata korena i nadzemnog dela G. dinarica pokazao je prisustvo sekoiridoida, flavonoida i ksantona. Od sekoiridoida, izolovani su svercijamarin, genciopikrin i sverozid.