Camphor and eucalyptol—anticandidal spectrum, antivirulence effect, efflux pumps interference and cytotoxicity
2021
Аутори:
Ivanov, MarijaKannan, Abhilash
Stojković, Dejan
Glamočlija, Jasmina
Calhelha, Ricardo C.
Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.
Sanglard, Dominique
Soković, Marina
Тип документа:
Чланак у часопису (Објављена верзија)
Метаподаци
Приказ свих података о документуАпстракт:
Candida albicans represents one of the most common fungal pathogens. Due to its increasing incidence and the poor efficacy of available antifungals, finding novel antifungal molecules is of great importance. Camphor and eucalyptol are bioactive terpenoid plant constituents and their antifungal properties have been explored previously. In this study, we examined their ability to inhibit the growth of different Candida species in suspension and biofilm, to block hyphal transition along with their impact on genes encoding for efflux pumps (CDR1 and CDR2), ergosterol biosynthesis (ERG11), and cytotoxicity to primary liver cells. Camphor showed excellent antifungal activity with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 0.125–0.35 mg/mL while eucalyptol was active in the range of 2–23 mg/mL. The results showed camphor’s potential to reduce fungal virulence traits, that is, biofilm establishment and hyphae formation. On the other hand, camphor and eucalyptol treatments upregulated CDR1; CDR2 was positively regulated after eucalyptol application while camphor downregulated it. Neither had an impact on ERG11 expression. The beneficial antifungal activities of camphor were achieved with an amount that was non-toxic to porcine liver cells, making it a promising antifungal compound for future development. The antifungal concentration of eucalyptol caused cytotoxic effects and increased expression of efflux pump genes, which suggests that it is an unsuitable antifungal candidate.
Кључне речи:
Antifungal activity; Camphor; Cytotoxicity; Efflux pumps; Eucalyptol; Terpenoids; Virulence factorsИзвор:
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, 22, 2, 1-14Финансирање / пројекти:
- Министарство науке, технолошког развоја и иновација Републике Србије, институционално финансирање - 200007 (Универзитет у Београду, Институт за биолошка истраживања 'Синиша Станковић') (RS-MESTD-inst-2020-200007)
- FEMS-GO-2017-015
- UIDB/00690/2020
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020483
ISSN: 1422-0067
PubMed: 33418931