Impact of climate changes on potato production and mitigation strategies
2021
Тип документа:
Конференцијски прилог (Објављена верзија)
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© 2021 by the Serbian Nutrition Society
Метаподаци
Приказ свих података о документуАпстракт:
Potato, Solanum tuberosum L., is the most important non-grain food crop in the world and the main vegetable crop in Serbia. This species produces more food per unit of
production area than any cereal crop and significantly contributes to global food security.
However, potato is highly susceptible to two major abiotic stresses: heat stress and drought.
These stresses may significantly affect the growth of potato plants at each of the developmental stages they emerge, ultimately causing a reduction in plant productivity due to the
smaller number of the formed tubers and lower tuber mass. High temperatures and/or water deficit also cause various tuber disorders, such as shape deformation, growth cracks,
secondary tuberization and skin netting or russeting, decreasing the proportion of marketable tubers. One of the disorders associated with heat stress accompanied by drought is
“sugar ends”, which adversely affects the processing and nutritional qualities of the tubers.
Due to global climate change, and the continuous rise in the Earth’s surface temperatures,
the detrimental effects of heat stress and drought on potato are intensifying. The global average surface temperature had already increased by 1.2 °C above pre-industrial levels, and
it will likely reach 1.5 °C by the year 2030. The impact of climate change will differ between
regions. At lower latitudes, especially in seasonally dry and tropical regions, potato productivity is projected to decrease even for small local temperature increases. By contrast, the
impact of climate change on potato yields might be beneficial for growing potatoes at higher
altitudes and higher latitudes. Nevertheless, a decline in global potato yields between 18-
32% by the year 2050 is expected, according to simulation-based analysis. World population
growth requires a significant increase in potato production, and solutions for mitigating the
damage of major abiotic stresses on potato productivity and quality are needed. The adverse
effects of heat stress and drought on potato can be alleviated to a certain extend by a shift
in planting time and application of cultivation technologies such as irrigation, mulching,
plant shading, intercropping, and plant growth regulator treatments. However, a principal
approach to mitigate damage is the development of heat- and drought-tolerant varieties. In
the past decades, significant progress was made towards understanding the mechanisms associated with potato heat- and drought-susceptibility, while the breeders’ efforts intensified
to select new, tolerant potato genotypes.
Кључне речи:
potato; Solanum tuberosum; heat stress; drought; climate change; food securityФинансирање / пројекти:
- Министарство науке, технолошког развоја и иновација Републике Србије, институционално финансирање - 200007 (Универзитет у Београду, Институт за биолошка истраживања 'Синиша Станковић') (RS-MESTD-inst-2020-200007)
У:
- Book of Abstracts: 14th International Congress on Nutrition: A Place Where Science Meets Practice; 2021 Nov 8-10; Belgrade, Serbia. Belgrade: Serbian Nutrition Society; 2021. p. 66.