Eksperimentalna fitocenološka ispitivanja prirodnog obnavljanja omorike (Picea omorika /Pančić/ Purkynĕ) u Nacionalnom parku Tara

Abstract

In the aim of monitoring the Serbian spruce natural regeneration, a series of experiments was set in the reservation in mixed forests with Serbian spruce over limestone (Ljuti Breg, Bilo, Crvene Stene, Vranjak) and serpentinite (Zmajevački Potok). The series of experiments includes the changes in the herb layer (the litter was removed, the soil was dug up to the depth of 10 cm, without the previous removal of the litter and the soil was raked only). Two-year investigations show that the seedlings did not appear in the experiments, though the habitats were in the openings in the vicinity of fertile Serbian spruce trees. The process of natural Serbian spruce regeneration on experimental plots was very slow and it has to be monitored for many years. Experimental investigations with the Serbian spruce seed sowing in the National Park Tara show that the germinability, as well as the seedlings, are affected by early-spring, as well as late frosts, dense canopy, thick litter and dense herb layer in the openings.

U cilju praćenja prirodnog obnavljanja omorike postavljena je serija ogleda u rezervatima u mešovitim šumama sa omorikom na krečnjaku (Ljuti breg, Bilo, Crvene stene, Vranjak) i serpentinitu (Zmajevački potok). Serija ogleda obuhvatila je promene u zeljastom pokrivaču (šumska prostirka uklonjena, zemljište prekopano do dubine 10 cm, bez prethodnog uklanjanja stelje i zemljište samo pograbuljano). Dvogodišnja ispitivanja su pokazala da se u ogledima nije pojavio ponik omorike, iako su staništa bila na progalama u blizini plodonosnih stabala omorike. Proces prirodne obnove omorike na oglednim parcelama traje sporo i mora da se prati više godina. Eksperimentalna ispitivanja sa setvom semena omorike u Nacionalnom parku 'Tara' pokazala su da na klijavost semena i ponik utiču rani proletnji i jesenji mrazevi, gust sklop šume, debeo sloj stelje i gust zeljasti pokrivač na progalama.