Biološki aspekt zaštite vodnih resursa, u kontekstu snabdevanja vodom za piće

Abstract

Water intake of surface waters represents not only a general trend, but also the orientation for water supply in Serbia. Since surface waters are exposed to progressive contamination, maintenance of river and accumulation water quality within legally permitted limits and protection of these objects as aquatic ecosystems primarily with regards to the problems of entrophication and accelerated ageing represent the main problem we will be faced with in the future in relation to water supply process. According to well defined programme, determination of water quality both in the rivers and accumulations includes a complex multidisciplinary limnological approach that involves monitoring of physico-chemical parameters, biological characteristics - biomonitoring, and possibly biomanipulation within the frame of ecological engineering. Connected to that, application of ecological analyses in the procedure for rough water processing into drinking water is introduced. These analyses provide a regular control of rough water quality at the water intake site, efficiency of each phase of rough water processing into drinking water, as well as the data on drinking water quality. .

Generalni trend i orijentacija u vodosnabdevanju u Srbiji je vodozahvatanje površinskih voda. Budući da su površinske vode izložene progresivnom zagađivanju, osnovni problem s kojim ćemo se suočiti u procesu vodosnabdevanja je održavanje kvaliteta vode reka i akumulacija u Zakonom propisanim granicama i zaštita tih objekata kao akvatičnih ekosistema, pri čemu se prvenstveno misli na probleme eutrofizacije i ubrzanog starenja. Praćenje kvaliteta vode, na osnovu utvrđenog programa, u rekama i akumulacijama podrazumeva limnološki, kompleksan multidisciplinaran pristup koji, između ostalog, obuhvata monitoring fizičko-hemijskih parametara, bioloških karakteristika - bimonitoring i eventualnu biomanipulaciju u okviru ekološkog inženjeringa. U postupku prerade sirove u vodu za piće uvodi se primena ekološke analize, kojom se redovno kontroliše kvalitet sirove vode vodozahvata, efikasnost procesa prerade po fazama, kao i kvalitet vode za piće. .