Environmental Impact on the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Ovary Axis
2023
Аутори:
Stanojlović, OliveraHrnčić, Dragan
Vojnović Milutinović, Danijela
Mladenović, Dušan
Šutulović, Nikola
Остала ауторства
Diamanti-Kandarakis, EvanthiaPivonello, Rosario
Тип документа:
Поглавље у монографији (Објављена верзија)
,
© 2023, Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Метаподаци
Приказ свих података о документуАпстракт:
Dysfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis can be caused by complex and multilevel interactions between altered sleep quality, behavioral disturbances,and chemicals that interfere with normal functioning of the endocrine system, known as endocrine disruptors (EDs). Sleep deprivation disrupts circadian
rhythm and via modulation of melatonin secretion and hypothalamic neural outputs
inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion and reduces the levels
of gonadotropins and androgens. Although many evidence suggest that EDs may affect the function of HPG axis, the precise actions on EDs on reproductive health
are still controversial. More studies have been performed in female than in male
animals. Major mechanisms of deleterious action of EDs on HPG axis include
stimulation or inhibition of nuclear hormone receptors via direct binding, alter
actions of steroid biosynthesis and degradation, and changes in neurotransmitter
release and effects. Some EDs may also cause the apoptosis of GnRH neurons or
induce epigenetic changes that can be transmitted to the offspring. In ovaries, EDs
may inhibit key steroidogenic enzymes and estrogen synthesis or directly injure
granulosa or theca cells. They can also have high affinity for estrogen, androgen,
progesterone, or glucocorticoid receptors, and to stimulate or inhibit different
signaling pathways in the cell. All of these changes may impair oocyte maturation ,
increase the frequency of anovulatory cycles, and ultimately lead to disturbed
puberty onset, reduced female fecundity, and premature ovarian failure. This
chapter summarizes the current knowledge on the effects of sleep disturbances
and major EDs on reproductive function from prenatal to adult period.
Кључне речи:
Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis; endocrine disruptors; Sleep disturbances; steroidogenic enzymes; puberty onsetУ:
- Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Pivonello R, editors. Environmental Endocrinology and Endocrine Disruptors: Endocrine and Endocrine-targeted Actions and Related Human Diseases. Cham: Springer; 2023. p. 129–53. (Endocrinology (ENDOCR)).
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-39044-0_5