Morfofiziološke karakteristike kore nadbubrežne žlezde nakon aplikacije daidzeina u pacovskom modelu uznapredovale andropauze

Abstract

Uvod. Aplikacija daidzeina može predstavljati efikasnu i manje rizičnu altemativu indikovanoj, klasičnoj estrogenizaciji starijih muškaraca. Cilj ove studije je podrazumevao morfofiziološku analizu kore nadbubrežne žlezde u pacovskom modelu uznapredovale andropauze, nakon primene daidzeina. Materijal i metode. Sredovečni (16 meseci stari) pacovi Wistar soja su razdeljeni u lažno operisanu (SO; n=8), orhidektomisanu (Orx; n=8) i daidzeinom tretiranu orhidektomisanu (Orx+D; n=8) grupu. Daidzein (30 mg/kg t.m./dan) je subkutano davan tri nedelje, dok su SO i Orx grupa dobijale samo rastvarač tokom istog perioda. Ciljevi su realizovani korišćenjem stereologije, histohemije/imunohistohemije, imunoeseja i ultrastruktume analize. Rezultati. Tretman daidzeinom je značajno uvećao volumene ćelija i jedara zone glomeruloze za 32% i 41% tim redom, ali je i snizio (p<0.05) nivo cirkulišućeg aldosterona za 61%, sve u poređenju sa odgovarajućim parametrima kod Orx zivotinja. Takođe, daidzein je značajno smanjio volumen jedara ćelija zone fascikulate, kao i tkivni i cirkulišući nivo kortikosterona, za 24%, 48% i 33% navedenim redom, te izrazito (p<0.05) povisio cirkulišući nivo DHEA za oko 4.6 puta, sve u poređenju sa odgovarajućim parametrima kod Orx pacova. Daidzeinom prouzrokovano preusmeravanje puteva kortikosteroidogeneze ka produkciji adrenalnih androgena bilo je u skladu sa ultrastruktumim nalazom i rearanžmanima kapilarne rnreže u okviru konkretnih zona kore nadbubrežne zlezde. Zaključak. Imajući u vidu sklad efekata daidzeina u ispitivanom kontekstu, kao relativnu bezbednost njegove upotrebe, moglo bi se reći da daidzein ima perspektivu u tretrnanu starenjem uzorokovanog gubitka androgena, te hiperfunkcije hipotalamo-hipofizno-adrenalne ose i povezanih metaboličkih poremećaja kod muškaraca.

Introduction. Daidzein application may represent effective and less harmful alternative to indicated, classical estrogenization of the aging men. The aim of this study was to perform morphophysiological analysis of the adrenal cortex, after daidzein supplementation in a rat model of the severe andropause. Material and methods. Middle-aged (16 months old) Wistar rats were divided into sham operated (SO; n=8), orchidectomized (Orx; n=8) and daidzein treated orchidectomized (Orx+D; n=8) groups. Daidzein (30 mg/kg b.m./day) was administered subcutaneously for three weeks, while the SO and Orx groups received the vehicle alone. Set objectives were achieved using stereology, histochemistry/immunohistochemistry, immunoassays and ultrastructural analysis. Results. Daidzein treatment significantly increased volumes of the zona glomerulosa cell and nuclei by 32% and 41% respectively, but decreased (p<0.05) circulating aldosterone levels by 61%, all in comparison with the adequate parameters in Orx animals. Also, daidzein significantly decreased zona fasciculata cell nuclei volume, as well as both the adrenal and circulating levels of corticosterone, by 24%, 48% and 33% respectively, but strongly (p<0.05) increased the circulating level of DHEA by about 4.6 times, all when compared to the corresponding parameters of Orx rats. Daidzein-induced shunting of the corticosteroidogenesis pathways towards adrenal androgens production corresponded to the ultrastructural findings and zonal capillary network rearrangements. Conclusion. Given the coherence of its effects and relative safety, daidzein could be the remedy of choice for the treatment of aging-caused androgen deprivation and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperfunction/related metabolic issues in males.