Makrobeskičmenjaci kao indikatori kvaliteta vode u veštačkim vodnim telima beogradskog regiona

Abstract

Teritorija Beograda se odlikuje bogatim sistemom kanala koji imaju ulogu u odvodnjavanju i u uklanjanju otpadnih voda. Ovi kanali su u manjoj ili većoj meri izloženi različitim antropogenim pritiscima. S druge strane, neki od njih protiču kroz zone sanitarne zaštite izvorišta beogradskog vodovoda. U cilju ocene stanja ovih vodenih ekosistema analizirali smo makrobeskičmenjake iz osam kanala u zoni grada Beograda. Uzorci su prikupljeni u periodu visokih i niskih voda 2022. godine. Zabeleženo je prisustvo 70 taksona u period visokih i 53 taksona u periodu niskih voda. Najveće bogatstvo vrsta zabeleženo je u kanalima PKB, Vizelj i Karaš kanala u periodu visokih i u kanalu Galovica u periodu niskih voda. Najveću frekvencu imala je grupa Chironomidae. Period niskih voda karakterisalo je ujednačeno prisustvo taksonomskih grupa, dok je u periodu visokih zapažen veći udeo Crustacea, Oligochaeta i Chironomidae. Niske vode karakteriše veći udeo predatora, dok je u perodu visokih voda zastupljeno više razlišitih funkcionalnih tipova ishrane. Biološki parametri ukazuju na II klasu kvaliteta voda na kanalima Vizelj i Karaš što ukazuje na značaj redovnog održavanja kanala.

The Belgrade area is characterised by a rich system of canals that play a role in drainage and waste water removal. These canals are more or less exposed to various anthropogenic influences. On the other hand, some of them flow through the sanitary protection zones of the sources of Belgrade's water supply. To assess the potential of these aquatic ecosystems, we analysed macroinvertebrates from eight canals around Belgrade. Samples were collected during the high and low water periods in 2022. In the high water period 70 taxa were detected and in the low water period 53 taxa. The highest species richness was found in the PKB, Viselj and Karaš canals during the period of high water and in the Galovica canal during the period of low water. The Chironomidae group had the highest frequency. The period of low water was characterised by a uniform occurrence of taxonomic groups, while during the high water period a higher proportion of Crustacea, Oligochaeta and Chironomidae was observed. The low water period was characterised by a higher proportion of predators, while a greater diversity of functional feeding types were found during the high water period. The biological parameters indicate the II class of water quality in the Viselj and Karaš canals, which indicates the importance of regular cana maintenance.