TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Oliveira, Izamara
AU  - Chrysargyris, Antonios
AU  - Heleno, Sandrina A.
AU  - Carocho, Marcio
AU  - Calhelha, Ricardo
AU  - Dias, Maria Ines
AU  - Petrović, Jovana
AU  - Soković, Marina
AU  - Petropoulos, Spyridon
AU  - Santos-Buelga, Celestino
AU  - Tzortzakis, Nikolaos
AU  - Barros, Lillian
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6389
AB  - The present study aims to determine the combined effect of cropping system and irrigation regime on the chemical composition and bioactive properties of lemon balm aerial parts. For this purpose, lemon balm plants were grown under two farming systems (conventional farming vs organic farming) and two irrigation levels (full irrigation vs deficit irrigation) and harvested twice throughout the growing period. The collected aerial parts were subjected to three different methods of extractions, namely infusion, maceration and ultrasound-assisted extraction and the obtained extracts were evaluated in terms of chemical profile and bioactivities. Five organic acids with varied composition among the tested treatments were identified in all the tested samples for both harvests, namely, citric, malic, oxalic, shikimic and quinic acid. Regarding phenolic compounds composition, the most abundant ones were rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid A isomer I and hydroxylsalvianolic E, especially for the maceration and infusion extraction methods. Full irrigation resulted in lower EC50 values than deficit irrigation only in the treatments of the second harvest, while variable cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects were recorded in both harvests. Finally, in most cases the lemon balm extracts has similar or better activity than the positive controls, while the antifungal activity of lemon balm extracts was stronger than the antibacterial effects. In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that the implemented agronomic practices, as well as the extraction protocol may significantly affect the chemical profile and bioactivities of lemon balm extracts, suggesting that both the farming system and the irrigation schedule may improve the quality of the extracts depending on the implemented extraction protocol.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Food Research International
T1  - Effects of the extraction techniques on the chemical composition and bioactive properties of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) plants grown under different cropping and irrigation regimes.
VL  - 170
DO  - 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113044
SP  - 113044
ER  - 

@article{
author = "De Oliveira, Izamara and Chrysargyris, Antonios and Heleno, Sandrina A. and Carocho, Marcio and Calhelha, Ricardo and Dias, Maria Ines and Petrović, Jovana and Soković, Marina and Petropoulos, Spyridon and Santos-Buelga, Celestino and Tzortzakis, Nikolaos and Barros, Lillian",
year = "2023",
abstract = "The present study aims to determine the combined effect of cropping system and irrigation regime on the chemical composition and bioactive properties of lemon balm aerial parts. For this purpose, lemon balm plants were grown under two farming systems (conventional farming vs organic farming) and two irrigation levels (full irrigation vs deficit irrigation) and harvested twice throughout the growing period. The collected aerial parts were subjected to three different methods of extractions, namely infusion, maceration and ultrasound-assisted extraction and the obtained extracts were evaluated in terms of chemical profile and bioactivities. Five organic acids with varied composition among the tested treatments were identified in all the tested samples for both harvests, namely, citric, malic, oxalic, shikimic and quinic acid. Regarding phenolic compounds composition, the most abundant ones were rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid A isomer I and hydroxylsalvianolic E, especially for the maceration and infusion extraction methods. Full irrigation resulted in lower EC50 values than deficit irrigation only in the treatments of the second harvest, while variable cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects were recorded in both harvests. Finally, in most cases the lemon balm extracts has similar or better activity than the positive controls, while the antifungal activity of lemon balm extracts was stronger than the antibacterial effects. In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that the implemented agronomic practices, as well as the extraction protocol may significantly affect the chemical profile and bioactivities of lemon balm extracts, suggesting that both the farming system and the irrigation schedule may improve the quality of the extracts depending on the implemented extraction protocol.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Food Research International",
title = "Effects of the extraction techniques on the chemical composition and bioactive properties of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) plants grown under different cropping and irrigation regimes.",
volume = "170",
doi = "10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113044",
pages = "113044"
}

De Oliveira, I., Chrysargyris, A., Heleno, S. A., Carocho, M., Calhelha, R., Dias, M. I., Petrović, J., Soković, M., Petropoulos, S., Santos-Buelga, C., Tzortzakis, N.,& Barros, L.. (2023). Effects of the extraction techniques on the chemical composition and bioactive properties of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) plants grown under different cropping and irrigation regimes.. in Food Research International
Elsevier., 170, 113044.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113044

De Oliveira I, Chrysargyris A, Heleno SA, Carocho M, Calhelha R, Dias MI, Petrović J, Soković M, Petropoulos S, Santos-Buelga C, Tzortzakis N, Barros L. Effects of the extraction techniques on the chemical composition and bioactive properties of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) plants grown under different cropping and irrigation regimes.. in Food Research International. 2023;170:113044.
doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113044 .

De Oliveira, Izamara, Chrysargyris, Antonios, Heleno, Sandrina A., Carocho, Marcio, Calhelha, Ricardo, Dias, Maria Ines, Petrović, Jovana, Soković, Marina, Petropoulos, Spyridon, Santos-Buelga, Celestino, Tzortzakis, Nikolaos, Barros, Lillian, "Effects of the extraction techniques on the chemical composition and bioactive properties of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) plants grown under different cropping and irrigation regimes." in Food Research International, 170 (2023):113044,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113044 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vega, Erika N.
AU  - Molina, Adriana K.
AU  - Pereira, Carla
AU  - Dias, Maria Inês
AU  - Heleno, Sandrina A.
AU  - Rodrigues, Paula
AU  - Fernandes, Isabel P.
AU  - Barreiro, Maria Filomena
AU  - Stojković, Dejan
AU  - Soković, Marina
AU  - Carocho, Marcio
AU  - Barreira, João C. M.
AU  - Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.
AU  - Barros, Lillian
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4345
AB  - Given the importance of colour in the general acceptance or rejection of a product, the use of colorants is a widespread practice, particularly in the food industry. At the same time, with the increasing consumers’ awareness of the health effects that some artificial colorants can exert, there is a growing tendency to prioritize foodstuffs containing natural additives. In this work, Morus nigra L. and Rubus fruticosus L. fruit juices were characterized in terms of anthocyanins, organic acids, free sugars, and tocopherols, as also regarding their bioactive properties. Given their richness in anthocyanins, this study also aimed to prepare different solid colouring formulations by the spray-drying technique, using as stabilizers maltodextrin and arabic gum. Six free sugars and two organic acids were detected in the fruit juices, as well as the four tocopherol isoforms. Two cyanidin derivatives were found in M. nigra (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-O-rhamnoside) and other four in R. fruticosus (cyanidin-O-hexoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-O-pentoside, and cyanidin-3-O-dioxaloilglucoside). The developed colouring formulations revealed a good stability over time, in terms of anthocyanin concentration and colour parameters, and revealed to be safe for consumption, either concerning their low microbial load and lack of cytotoxicity. Thus, they represent a promising natural alternative to the massively used artificial colorants.
PB  - Basel: MDPI
T2  - Plants
T1  - Anthocyanins from rubus fruticosus l. And morus nigra l. applied as food colorants: A natural alternative
IS  - 6
VL  - 10
DO  - 10.3390/plants10061181
SP  - 1181
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Vega, Erika N. and Molina, Adriana K. and Pereira, Carla and Dias, Maria Inês and Heleno, Sandrina A. and Rodrigues, Paula and Fernandes, Isabel P. and Barreiro, Maria Filomena and Stojković, Dejan and Soković, Marina and Carocho, Marcio and Barreira, João C. M. and Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R. and Barros, Lillian",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Given the importance of colour in the general acceptance or rejection of a product, the use of colorants is a widespread practice, particularly in the food industry. At the same time, with the increasing consumers’ awareness of the health effects that some artificial colorants can exert, there is a growing tendency to prioritize foodstuffs containing natural additives. In this work, Morus nigra L. and Rubus fruticosus L. fruit juices were characterized in terms of anthocyanins, organic acids, free sugars, and tocopherols, as also regarding their bioactive properties. Given their richness in anthocyanins, this study also aimed to prepare different solid colouring formulations by the spray-drying technique, using as stabilizers maltodextrin and arabic gum. Six free sugars and two organic acids were detected in the fruit juices, as well as the four tocopherol isoforms. Two cyanidin derivatives were found in M. nigra (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-O-rhamnoside) and other four in R. fruticosus (cyanidin-O-hexoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-O-pentoside, and cyanidin-3-O-dioxaloilglucoside). The developed colouring formulations revealed a good stability over time, in terms of anthocyanin concentration and colour parameters, and revealed to be safe for consumption, either concerning their low microbial load and lack of cytotoxicity. Thus, they represent a promising natural alternative to the massively used artificial colorants.",
publisher = "Basel: MDPI",
journal = "Plants",
title = "Anthocyanins from rubus fruticosus l. And morus nigra l. applied as food colorants: A natural alternative",
number = "6",
volume = "10",
doi = "10.3390/plants10061181",
pages = "1181"
}

Vega, E. N., Molina, A. K., Pereira, C., Dias, M. I., Heleno, S. A., Rodrigues, P., Fernandes, I. P., Barreiro, M. F., Stojković, D., Soković, M., Carocho, M., Barreira, J. C. M., Ferreira, I. C. F. R.,& Barros, L.. (2021). Anthocyanins from rubus fruticosus l. And morus nigra l. applied as food colorants: A natural alternative. in Plants
Basel: MDPI., 10(6), 1181.
https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061181

Vega EN, Molina AK, Pereira C, Dias MI, Heleno SA, Rodrigues P, Fernandes IP, Barreiro MF, Stojković D, Soković M, Carocho M, Barreira JCM, Ferreira ICFR, Barros L. Anthocyanins from rubus fruticosus l. And morus nigra l. applied as food colorants: A natural alternative. in Plants. 2021;10(6):1181.
doi:10.3390/plants10061181 .

Vega, Erika N., Molina, Adriana K., Pereira, Carla, Dias, Maria Inês, Heleno, Sandrina A., Rodrigues, Paula, Fernandes, Isabel P., Barreiro, Maria Filomena, Stojković, Dejan, Soković, Marina, Carocho, Marcio, Barreira, João C. M., Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R., Barros, Lillian, "Anthocyanins from rubus fruticosus l. And morus nigra l. applied as food colorants: A natural alternative" in Plants, 10, no. 6 (2021):1181,
https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061181 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carocho, Marcio
AU  - Barros, Lillian
AU  - Barreira, Joao C. M.
AU  - Calhelha, Ricardo C.
AU  - Soković, Marina
AU  - Fernandez-Ruiz, Virginia
AU  - Santos Buelga, Celestino
AU  - Morales, Patricia
AU  - Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2019
AB  - Antitumor, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of basil were
   studied, along with its characterization in phenolic compounds, organic
   acids and soluble sugars. The results placed basil as a valuable
   candidate for functionalization and conservation of food products,
   maintaining their nutritional properties, while increasing their shelf
   life and potential health effects. The basil leaves were then
   incorporated in ``Serra da Estrela Cheese{''}, either in its dehydrated
   form or as a decoction. The cheeses were then subject to a nutritional
   evaluation, being characterized for their fatty acids, minerals and CIE
   color parameters. To assess the combined effects of plant incorporation
   and storage time, a 2-way ANOVA was used to process the results, further
   analysed through a linear discriminant analysis. Overall, basil leaves
   provided antioxidant activity to the cheeses, reduced the moisture, and
   preserved the unsaturated fatty acids and proteins. Comparing both
   incorporation types, the decoctions had a higher functionalizing and
   conservative effect. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
T2  - Food Chemistry
T1  - Basil as functional and preserving ingredient in "Serra da Estrela" cheese
VL  - 207
DO  - 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.085
SP  - 51
EP  - 59
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Carocho, Marcio and Barros, Lillian and Barreira, Joao C. M. and Calhelha, Ricardo C. and Soković, Marina and Fernandez-Ruiz, Virginia and Santos Buelga, Celestino and Morales, Patricia and Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Antitumor, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of basil were
   studied, along with its characterization in phenolic compounds, organic
   acids and soluble sugars. The results placed basil as a valuable
   candidate for functionalization and conservation of food products,
   maintaining their nutritional properties, while increasing their shelf
   life and potential health effects. The basil leaves were then
   incorporated in ``Serra da Estrela Cheese{''}, either in its dehydrated
   form or as a decoction. The cheeses were then subject to a nutritional
   evaluation, being characterized for their fatty acids, minerals and CIE
   color parameters. To assess the combined effects of plant incorporation
   and storage time, a 2-way ANOVA was used to process the results, further
   analysed through a linear discriminant analysis. Overall, basil leaves
   provided antioxidant activity to the cheeses, reduced the moisture, and
   preserved the unsaturated fatty acids and proteins. Comparing both
   incorporation types, the decoctions had a higher functionalizing and
   conservative effect. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Food Chemistry",
title = "Basil as functional and preserving ingredient in "Serra da Estrela" cheese",
volume = "207",
doi = "10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.085",
pages = "51-59"
}

Carocho, M., Barros, L., Barreira, J. C. M., Calhelha, R. C., Soković, M., Fernandez-Ruiz, V., Santos Buelga, C., Morales, P.,& Ferreira, I. C. F. R.. (2016). Basil as functional and preserving ingredient in "Serra da Estrela" cheese. in Food Chemistry, 207, 51-59.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.085

Carocho M, Barros L, Barreira JCM, Calhelha RC, Soković M, Fernandez-Ruiz V, Santos Buelga C, Morales P, Ferreira ICFR. Basil as functional and preserving ingredient in "Serra da Estrela" cheese. in Food Chemistry. 2016;207:51-59.
doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.085 .

Carocho, Marcio, Barros, Lillian, Barreira, Joao C. M., Calhelha, Ricardo C., Soković, Marina, Fernandez-Ruiz, Virginia, Santos Buelga, Celestino, Morales, Patricia, Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R., "Basil as functional and preserving ingredient in "Serra da Estrela" cheese" in Food Chemistry, 207 (2016):51-59,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.085 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carocho, Marcio
AU  - Barros, Lillian
AU  - Calhelha, Ricardo C.
AU  - Ćirić, Ana
AU  - Soković, Marina
AU  - Santos-Buelga, Celestino
AU  - Morales, Patricia
AU  - Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2057
AB  - Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) is a member of the Lamiaceae family
   with a long story of human consumption. It has been consumed for
   decades, directly in food and as a decoction or an infusion for its
   medicinal purposes. In this manuscript, a detailed chemical
   characterization of the decoction of this plant is described,
   encompassing antimicrobial, antioxidant and antitumor activities.
   Rosmarinic acid and lithospermic acid A were the most abundant phenolic
   compounds. Quinic acid, fructose, glucose and gamma-tocopherol were the
   most abundant within their groups of molecules. M. officinalis
   decoctions were active against a wide range of microorganisms,
   Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium, and Penicillium
   funiculosum being the most sensitive bacteria and fungi, respectively.
   The growth inhibition of different human tumor cell lines (mainly MCF-7
   and HepG2) was also observed, as also high free radical scavenging
   activity and reducing power. This manuscript highlights some beneficial
   effects of these functional beverages.
T2  - Food & Function
T1  - Melissa officinalis L. decoctions as functional beverages: a bioactive
 approach and chemical characterization
IS  - 7
VL  - 6
DO  - 10.1039/c5fo00309a
SP  - 2240
EP  - 2248
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Carocho, Marcio and Barros, Lillian and Calhelha, Ricardo C. and Ćirić, Ana and Soković, Marina and Santos-Buelga, Celestino and Morales, Patricia and Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.",
year = "2015",
abstract = "Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) is a member of the Lamiaceae family
   with a long story of human consumption. It has been consumed for
   decades, directly in food and as a decoction or an infusion for its
   medicinal purposes. In this manuscript, a detailed chemical
   characterization of the decoction of this plant is described,
   encompassing antimicrobial, antioxidant and antitumor activities.
   Rosmarinic acid and lithospermic acid A were the most abundant phenolic
   compounds. Quinic acid, fructose, glucose and gamma-tocopherol were the
   most abundant within their groups of molecules. M. officinalis
   decoctions were active against a wide range of microorganisms,
   Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium, and Penicillium
   funiculosum being the most sensitive bacteria and fungi, respectively.
   The growth inhibition of different human tumor cell lines (mainly MCF-7
   and HepG2) was also observed, as also high free radical scavenging
   activity and reducing power. This manuscript highlights some beneficial
   effects of these functional beverages.",
journal = "Food & Function",
title = "Melissa officinalis L. decoctions as functional beverages: a bioactive
 approach and chemical characterization",
number = "7",
volume = "6",
doi = "10.1039/c5fo00309a",
pages = "2240-2248"
}

Carocho, M., Barros, L., Calhelha, R. C., Ćirić, A., Soković, M., Santos-Buelga, C., Morales, P.,& Ferreira, I. C. F. R.. (2015). Melissa officinalis L. decoctions as functional beverages: a bioactive
 approach and chemical characterization. in Food & Function, 6(7), 2240-2248.
https://doi.org/10.1039/c5fo00309a

Carocho M, Barros L, Calhelha RC, Ćirić A, Soković M, Santos-Buelga C, Morales P, Ferreira ICFR. Melissa officinalis L. decoctions as functional beverages: a bioactive
 approach and chemical characterization. in Food & Function. 2015;6(7):2240-2248.
doi:10.1039/c5fo00309a .

Carocho, Marcio, Barros, Lillian, Calhelha, Ricardo C., Ćirić, Ana, Soković, Marina, Santos-Buelga, Celestino, Morales, Patricia, Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R., "Melissa officinalis L. decoctions as functional beverages: a bioactive
 approach and chemical characterization" in Food & Function, 6, no. 7 (2015):2240-2248,
https://doi.org/10.1039/c5fo00309a . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carocho, Marcio
AU  - Calhelha, Ricardo C.
AU  - Queiroz, Maria-Joao R. P.
AU  - Bento, Albino
AU  - Morales, Patricia
AU  - Soković, Marina
AU  - Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2116
AB  - Chestnut trees are one of the most important crops in the north-eastern
   part of Portugal, representing millions of euros of yearly income. There
   are many ancestral claims of the health benefits of the consumption of
   chestnut flowers in infusions that remain unproven. In this manuscript,
   the antitumor and antimicrobial potential of chestnut flowers from two
   cultivars, Judia and Longal, extracted through infusions and decoctions
   are reported. In terms of antitumor activity, the most sensitive cell
   lines were HepG2 and HCT15 with the cultivar Judia showing higher
   activity for HCT15 and Longal for HepG2, regardless of the extraction
   methods. Regarding the antibacterial activity of the extracts,
   decoctions proved to be more effective with lower minimum inhibition
   concentrations, while infusions were better in terms of antifungal
   activity. The good overall antimicrobial activity could justify the
   inclusion of the flowers in food chain processing to act as a natural
   antimicrobial. Furthermore, the results corroborate some of the
   ancestral claims of the consumption of these flowers. (C) 2014 Elsevier
   B.V. All rights reserved.
T2  - Industrial Crops and Products
T1  - Infusions and decoctions of Castanea sativa flowers as effective
 antitumor and antimicrobial matrices
VL  - 62
DO  - 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.08.016
SP  - 42
EP  - 46
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Carocho, Marcio and Calhelha, Ricardo C. and Queiroz, Maria-Joao R. P. and Bento, Albino and Morales, Patricia and Soković, Marina and Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Chestnut trees are one of the most important crops in the north-eastern
   part of Portugal, representing millions of euros of yearly income. There
   are many ancestral claims of the health benefits of the consumption of
   chestnut flowers in infusions that remain unproven. In this manuscript,
   the antitumor and antimicrobial potential of chestnut flowers from two
   cultivars, Judia and Longal, extracted through infusions and decoctions
   are reported. In terms of antitumor activity, the most sensitive cell
   lines were HepG2 and HCT15 with the cultivar Judia showing higher
   activity for HCT15 and Longal for HepG2, regardless of the extraction
   methods. Regarding the antibacterial activity of the extracts,
   decoctions proved to be more effective with lower minimum inhibition
   concentrations, while infusions were better in terms of antifungal
   activity. The good overall antimicrobial activity could justify the
   inclusion of the flowers in food chain processing to act as a natural
   antimicrobial. Furthermore, the results corroborate some of the
   ancestral claims of the consumption of these flowers. (C) 2014 Elsevier
   B.V. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Industrial Crops and Products",
title = "Infusions and decoctions of Castanea sativa flowers as effective
 antitumor and antimicrobial matrices",
volume = "62",
doi = "10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.08.016",
pages = "42-46"
}

Carocho, M., Calhelha, R. C., Queiroz, M. R. P., Bento, A., Morales, P., Soković, M.,& Ferreira, I. C. F. R.. (2014). Infusions and decoctions of Castanea sativa flowers as effective
 antitumor and antimicrobial matrices. in Industrial Crops and Products, 62, 42-46.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.08.016

Carocho M, Calhelha RC, Queiroz MRP, Bento A, Morales P, Soković M, Ferreira ICFR. Infusions and decoctions of Castanea sativa flowers as effective
 antitumor and antimicrobial matrices. in Industrial Crops and Products. 2014;62:42-46.
doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.08.016 .

Carocho, Marcio, Calhelha, Ricardo C., Queiroz, Maria-Joao R. P., Bento, Albino, Morales, Patricia, Soković, Marina, Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R., "Infusions and decoctions of Castanea sativa flowers as effective
 antitumor and antimicrobial matrices" in Industrial Crops and Products, 62 (2014):42-46,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.08.016 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carocho, Marcio
AU  - Calhelha, Ricardo C.
AU  - Queiroz, Maria-Joao R. P.
AU  - Bento, Albino
AU  - Morales, Patricia
AU  - Soković, Marina
AU  - Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2116
UR  - https://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3516
AB  - Chestnut trees are one of the most important crops in the north-eastern   part of Portugal, representing millions of euros of yearly income. There   are many ancestral claims of the health benefits of the consumption of   chestnut flowers in infusions that remain unproven. In this manuscript,   the antitumor and antimicrobial potential of chestnut flowers from two   cultivars, Judia and Longal, extracted through infusions and decoctions   are reported. In terms of antitumor activity, the most sensitive cell   lines were HepG2 and HCT15 with the cultivar Judia showing higher   activity for HCT15 and Longal for HepG2, regardless of the extraction   methods. Regarding the antibacterial activity of the extracts,   decoctions proved to be more effective with lower minimum inhibition   concentrations, while infusions were better in terms of antifungal   activity. The good overall antimicrobial activity could justify the   inclusion of the flowers in food chain processing to act as a natural   antimicrobial. Furthermore, the results corroborate some of the   ancestral claims of the consumption of these flowers. (C) 2014 Elsevier   B.V. All rights reserved.
T2  - Industrial Crops and Products
T1  - Infusions and decoctions of Castanea sativa flowers as effective antitumor and antimicrobial matrices
VL  - 62
DO  - 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.08.016
SP  - 42
EP  - 46
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Carocho, Marcio and Calhelha, Ricardo C. and Queiroz, Maria-Joao R. P. and Bento, Albino and Morales, Patricia and Soković, Marina and Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Chestnut trees are one of the most important crops in the north-eastern   part of Portugal, representing millions of euros of yearly income. There   are many ancestral claims of the health benefits of the consumption of   chestnut flowers in infusions that remain unproven. In this manuscript,   the antitumor and antimicrobial potential of chestnut flowers from two   cultivars, Judia and Longal, extracted through infusions and decoctions   are reported. In terms of antitumor activity, the most sensitive cell   lines were HepG2 and HCT15 with the cultivar Judia showing higher   activity for HCT15 and Longal for HepG2, regardless of the extraction   methods. Regarding the antibacterial activity of the extracts,   decoctions proved to be more effective with lower minimum inhibition   concentrations, while infusions were better in terms of antifungal   activity. The good overall antimicrobial activity could justify the   inclusion of the flowers in food chain processing to act as a natural   antimicrobial. Furthermore, the results corroborate some of the   ancestral claims of the consumption of these flowers. (C) 2014 Elsevier   B.V. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Industrial Crops and Products",
title = "Infusions and decoctions of Castanea sativa flowers as effective antitumor and antimicrobial matrices",
volume = "62",
doi = "10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.08.016",
pages = "42-46"
}

Carocho, M., Calhelha, R. C., Queiroz, M. R. P., Bento, A., Morales, P., Soković, M.,& Ferreira, I. C. F. R.. (2014). Infusions and decoctions of Castanea sativa flowers as effective antitumor and antimicrobial matrices. in Industrial Crops and Products, 62, 42-46.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.08.016

Carocho M, Calhelha RC, Queiroz MRP, Bento A, Morales P, Soković M, Ferreira ICFR. Infusions and decoctions of Castanea sativa flowers as effective antitumor and antimicrobial matrices. in Industrial Crops and Products. 2014;62:42-46.
doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.08.016 .

Carocho, Marcio, Calhelha, Ricardo C., Queiroz, Maria-Joao R. P., Bento, Albino, Morales, Patricia, Soković, Marina, Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R., "Infusions and decoctions of Castanea sativa flowers as effective antitumor and antimicrobial matrices" in Industrial Crops and Products, 62 (2014):42-46,
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