TY  - CONF
AU  - Mandim, Filipa
AU  - Petropoulos, Spyridon A.
AU  - Pinela, José
AU  - Dias, Maria Inês
AU  - Kostić, Marina
AU  - Soković, Marina
AU  - Santos-Buelga, Celestino
AU  - Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.
AU  - Barros, Lillian
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4929
AB  - Cynara cardunculus L. (cardoon) is a typical Mediterranean species that comprises the ancestor wild
cardoon (var. sylvestris), the cultivated leafy cardoon (var. altilis) and globe artichoke (var. scolymus). It
can be found worldwide due to its high adaptability to diverse climate conditions (e.g., resistance to extreme
temperatures, water stress, and soils with variable pH) [1,2]. It is also considered a multipurpose crop due
to its nutritional, pharmacological and industrial applications [2]. Due to the increase of its commercial and
economic value, this study aimed to evaluate the polyphenolic composition and bioactive potential of
cardoon bracts in relation to plant growth cycle. Cardoon bracts were collected in central Greece at eight
different maturation stages (samples C1 – lower maturity to C8 – higher maturity). The phenolic profile was
determined by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS. The antioxidant activity was measured through two cell-based assays:
TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances formation inhibition) and OxHLIA (oxidative hemolysis
inhibition). Cytotoxic effects were screened against four human tumor cell lines and hepatotoxicity against
a non-tumor cell line (PLP2) by the sulforhodamine B assay. The anti-inflammatory potential was tested
through the inhibition of NO production by a murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). Finally, the
antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated by the broth microdilution method. Twelve phenolic
compounds were tentatively identified in the cardoon bract extracts and quantified in higher amounts in
immature samples. Immature bracts (C1) also revealed the highest cytotoxic (GI50 of 30 – 79 μg/mL) and
anti-inflammatory (IC50 = 72 μg/mL) activities, while they presented the highest capacity to efficiently
inhibit the formation of TBARS (IC50 = 26.8 μg/mL). In contrast, the extract with the higher maturity grade
(C7) revealed superior efficacy against oxidative hemolysis (IC50 of 38 and 75 μg/mL at Δt=60 min and 120
min, respectively). The highest antibacterial and antifungal activities were attributed to samples C1 and C6
and samples C2 and C4, respectively. The results obtained in this work could be helpful to choose the best
harvesting time of cardoon bracts, allowing obtaining a greater variety of phenolic compounds, and
consequently, a higher bioactive potential, and ultimately the most appropriate use of their constituents.
Nevertheless, further studies are needed to better understand the compounds responsible for the observed
activities, as well as to reveal the mechanisms involved in these activities.
PB  - Bragança: Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
C3  - 1st Congress of  Natural products application: Health, Cosmetic and Food: Book of Abstracts; 2021 Feb 4-5; Online
T1  - Phenolic composition and bioactive properties of cardoon bracts: influence of the growth cycle
SP  - 47
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_4929
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Mandim, Filipa and Petropoulos, Spyridon A. and Pinela, José and Dias, Maria Inês and Kostić, Marina and Soković, Marina and Santos-Buelga, Celestino and Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R. and Barros, Lillian",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Cynara cardunculus L. (cardoon) is a typical Mediterranean species that comprises the ancestor wild
cardoon (var. sylvestris), the cultivated leafy cardoon (var. altilis) and globe artichoke (var. scolymus). It
can be found worldwide due to its high adaptability to diverse climate conditions (e.g., resistance to extreme
temperatures, water stress, and soils with variable pH) [1,2]. It is also considered a multipurpose crop due
to its nutritional, pharmacological and industrial applications [2]. Due to the increase of its commercial and
economic value, this study aimed to evaluate the polyphenolic composition and bioactive potential of
cardoon bracts in relation to plant growth cycle. Cardoon bracts were collected in central Greece at eight
different maturation stages (samples C1 – lower maturity to C8 – higher maturity). The phenolic profile was
determined by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS. The antioxidant activity was measured through two cell-based assays:
TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances formation inhibition) and OxHLIA (oxidative hemolysis
inhibition). Cytotoxic effects were screened against four human tumor cell lines and hepatotoxicity against
a non-tumor cell line (PLP2) by the sulforhodamine B assay. The anti-inflammatory potential was tested
through the inhibition of NO production by a murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). Finally, the
antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated by the broth microdilution method. Twelve phenolic
compounds were tentatively identified in the cardoon bract extracts and quantified in higher amounts in
immature samples. Immature bracts (C1) also revealed the highest cytotoxic (GI50 of 30 – 79 μg/mL) and
anti-inflammatory (IC50 = 72 μg/mL) activities, while they presented the highest capacity to efficiently
inhibit the formation of TBARS (IC50 = 26.8 μg/mL). In contrast, the extract with the higher maturity grade
(C7) revealed superior efficacy against oxidative hemolysis (IC50 of 38 and 75 μg/mL at Δt=60 min and 120
min, respectively). The highest antibacterial and antifungal activities were attributed to samples C1 and C6
and samples C2 and C4, respectively. The results obtained in this work could be helpful to choose the best
harvesting time of cardoon bracts, allowing obtaining a greater variety of phenolic compounds, and
consequently, a higher bioactive potential, and ultimately the most appropriate use of their constituents.
Nevertheless, further studies are needed to better understand the compounds responsible for the observed
activities, as well as to reveal the mechanisms involved in these activities.",
publisher = "Bragança: Instituto Politécnico de Bragança",
journal = "1st Congress of  Natural products application: Health, Cosmetic and Food: Book of Abstracts; 2021 Feb 4-5; Online",
title = "Phenolic composition and bioactive properties of cardoon bracts: influence of the growth cycle",
pages = "47",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_4929"
}

Mandim, F., Petropoulos, S. A., Pinela, J., Dias, M. I., Kostić, M., Soković, M., Santos-Buelga, C., Ferreira, I. C.F.R.,& Barros, L.. (2021). Phenolic composition and bioactive properties of cardoon bracts: influence of the growth cycle. in 1st Congress of  Natural products application: Health, Cosmetic and Food: Book of Abstracts; 2021 Feb 4-5; Online
Bragança: Instituto Politécnico de Bragança., 47.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_4929

Mandim F, Petropoulos SA, Pinela J, Dias MI, Kostić M, Soković M, Santos-Buelga C, Ferreira IC, Barros L. Phenolic composition and bioactive properties of cardoon bracts: influence of the growth cycle. in 1st Congress of  Natural products application: Health, Cosmetic and Food: Book of Abstracts; 2021 Feb 4-5; Online. 2021;:47.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_4929 .

Mandim, Filipa, Petropoulos, Spyridon A., Pinela, José, Dias, Maria Inês, Kostić, Marina, Soković, Marina, Santos-Buelga, Celestino, Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R., Barros, Lillian, "Phenolic composition and bioactive properties of cardoon bracts: influence of the growth cycle" in 1st Congress of  Natural products application: Health, Cosmetic and Food: Book of Abstracts; 2021 Feb 4-5; Online (2021):47,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_4929 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Molina, Adriana K.
AU  - Vega, Erika N.
AU  - Pereira, Karla
AU  - Dias, Maria Inês
AU  - Heleno, Sandrina A.
AU  - Rodriges, Paula
AU  - Calhelha, Ricardo C.
AU  - Kostić, Marina
AU  - Soković, Marina
AU  - Barreira, Joao C.M.
AU  - Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.
AU  - Barros, Lillian
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4930
AB  - Lonicera caerulea L., Morus nigra L., and Rubus fruticosus L. fruits are widely known for their nutritional
and bioactive properties. Their richness in anthocyanins, which are the main responsible compounds for
the reported beneficial properties, justify their exploitation not only as functional foods but also as sources
of natural colorants, in alternative to some artificial compounds with reported adverse effects to human
health [1,2]. In this context, the fruits were characterized in terms of anthocyanin and non-anthocyanin
compounds, by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS, and two solid colouring formulations were prepared through the
spray-drying technique with maltodextrin and mixtures of Arabic gum and maltodextrin in different
proportions, according to the characteristics of each fruit juice and the efficiency of the process. The
stability of the prepared colorants was assessed over three months of storage at room and refrigerated
temperature. For that purpose, the microbial load, the cytotoxicity, and the bioactive properties
(antioxidant and antimicrobial) were evaluated, along with their anthocyanin concentration and colouring
capacity.
Different phenolic compounds were detected in the three fruits, among which, some anthocyanins as
cyanidin-3- O -glucoside and cyanidin- O -hexose, as the most abundant ones. All the formulations revealed
great colouring, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, with a slight variation of anthocyanin
concentration along the three months of storage at room and refrigerated temperature, which validate their
application for colouring purposes. None of these formulations revealed cytotoxic properties, being, then,
considered safe for food application. Through the present study, it was possible to obtain stable
anthocyanin based colorants with potential application in several industrial fields.
PB  - Bragança: Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
C3  - 1st Congress of  Natural products application: Health, Cosmetic and Food: Book of Abstracts; 2021 Feb 4-5; Online
T1  - Bioactive food colourants from Lonicera caerulea L., Morus nigra L., and Rubus fruticosus fruits
SP  - 171
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_4930
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Molina, Adriana K. and Vega, Erika N. and Pereira, Karla and Dias, Maria Inês and Heleno, Sandrina A. and Rodriges, Paula and Calhelha, Ricardo C. and Kostić, Marina and Soković, Marina and Barreira, Joao C.M. and Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R. and Barros, Lillian",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Lonicera caerulea L., Morus nigra L., and Rubus fruticosus L. fruits are widely known for their nutritional
and bioactive properties. Their richness in anthocyanins, which are the main responsible compounds for
the reported beneficial properties, justify their exploitation not only as functional foods but also as sources
of natural colorants, in alternative to some artificial compounds with reported adverse effects to human
health [1,2]. In this context, the fruits were characterized in terms of anthocyanin and non-anthocyanin
compounds, by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS, and two solid colouring formulations were prepared through the
spray-drying technique with maltodextrin and mixtures of Arabic gum and maltodextrin in different
proportions, according to the characteristics of each fruit juice and the efficiency of the process. The
stability of the prepared colorants was assessed over three months of storage at room and refrigerated
temperature. For that purpose, the microbial load, the cytotoxicity, and the bioactive properties
(antioxidant and antimicrobial) were evaluated, along with their anthocyanin concentration and colouring
capacity.
Different phenolic compounds were detected in the three fruits, among which, some anthocyanins as
cyanidin-3- O -glucoside and cyanidin- O -hexose, as the most abundant ones. All the formulations revealed
great colouring, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, with a slight variation of anthocyanin
concentration along the three months of storage at room and refrigerated temperature, which validate their
application for colouring purposes. None of these formulations revealed cytotoxic properties, being, then,
considered safe for food application. Through the present study, it was possible to obtain stable
anthocyanin based colorants with potential application in several industrial fields.",
publisher = "Bragança: Instituto Politécnico de Bragança",
journal = "1st Congress of  Natural products application: Health, Cosmetic and Food: Book of Abstracts; 2021 Feb 4-5; Online",
title = "Bioactive food colourants from Lonicera caerulea L., Morus nigra L., and Rubus fruticosus fruits",
pages = "171",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_4930"
}

Molina, A. K., Vega, E. N., Pereira, K., Dias, M. I., Heleno, S. A., Rodriges, P., Calhelha, R. C., Kostić, M., Soković, M., Barreira, J. C.M., Ferreira, I. C.F.R.,& Barros, L.. (2021). Bioactive food colourants from Lonicera caerulea L., Morus nigra L., and Rubus fruticosus fruits. in 1st Congress of  Natural products application: Health, Cosmetic and Food: Book of Abstracts; 2021 Feb 4-5; Online
Bragança: Instituto Politécnico de Bragança., 171.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_4930

Molina AK, Vega EN, Pereira K, Dias MI, Heleno SA, Rodriges P, Calhelha RC, Kostić M, Soković M, Barreira JC, Ferreira IC, Barros L. Bioactive food colourants from Lonicera caerulea L., Morus nigra L., and Rubus fruticosus fruits. in 1st Congress of  Natural products application: Health, Cosmetic and Food: Book of Abstracts; 2021 Feb 4-5; Online. 2021;:171.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_4930 .

Molina, Adriana K., Vega, Erika N., Pereira, Karla, Dias, Maria Inês, Heleno, Sandrina A., Rodriges, Paula, Calhelha, Ricardo C., Kostić, Marina, Soković, Marina, Barreira, Joao C.M., Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R., Barros, Lillian, "Bioactive food colourants from Lonicera caerulea L., Morus nigra L., and Rubus fruticosus fruits" in 1st Congress of  Natural products application: Health, Cosmetic and Food: Book of Abstracts; 2021 Feb 4-5; Online (2021):171,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_ibiss_4930 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petropoulos, Spyridon
AU  - Fernandes, Ângela
AU  - Pereira, Carla
AU  - Tzortzakis, Nikos
AU  - Vaz, Josiana
AU  - Soković, Marina
AU  - Barros, Lillian
AU  - Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814619305436?via%3Dihub
UR  - https://radar.ibiss.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3314
AB  - In the present study, the nutritional value, bioactive properties, and chemical composition of various cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) genotypes cultivated in central Greece were investigated. The results demonstrated that Cynara seeds are a good source of fat and protein, while they also contain considerable amounts of K, Mg, and Fe and low amount of Na. Sucrose, oxalic acid, and α-tocopherol were the only free sugar, organic acid, and tocopherol isoform respectively, found among the studied genotypes. The most abundant fatty acids were linoleic, oleic and palmitic acid, while PUFA was the most abundant fatty acid class. All the tested seeds contained only two phenolic compounds, namely 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 3,5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, while significant antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines and antimicrobial effects were also observed. In conclusion, cardoon seed extracts could be exploited in the food and pharmaceutical industries as alternative sources of natural compounds with bioactive properties.
T2  - Food Chemistry
T1  - Bioactivities, chemical composition and nutritional value of Cynara cardunculus L. seeds
VL  - 289
DO  - 10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2019.03.066
SP  - 404
EP  - 412
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Petropoulos, Spyridon and Fernandes, Ângela and Pereira, Carla and Tzortzakis, Nikos and Vaz, Josiana and Soković, Marina and Barros, Lillian and Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.",
year = "2019",
abstract = "In the present study, the nutritional value, bioactive properties, and chemical composition of various cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) genotypes cultivated in central Greece were investigated. The results demonstrated that Cynara seeds are a good source of fat and protein, while they also contain considerable amounts of K, Mg, and Fe and low amount of Na. Sucrose, oxalic acid, and α-tocopherol were the only free sugar, organic acid, and tocopherol isoform respectively, found among the studied genotypes. The most abundant fatty acids were linoleic, oleic and palmitic acid, while PUFA was the most abundant fatty acid class. All the tested seeds contained only two phenolic compounds, namely 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 3,5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, while significant antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines and antimicrobial effects were also observed. In conclusion, cardoon seed extracts could be exploited in the food and pharmaceutical industries as alternative sources of natural compounds with bioactive properties.",
journal = "Food Chemistry",
title = "Bioactivities, chemical composition and nutritional value of Cynara cardunculus L. seeds",
volume = "289",
doi = "10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2019.03.066",
pages = "404-412"
}

Petropoulos, S., Fernandes, Â., Pereira, C., Tzortzakis, N., Vaz, J., Soković, M., Barros, L.,& Ferreira, I. C.F.R.. (2019). Bioactivities, chemical composition and nutritional value of Cynara cardunculus L. seeds. in Food Chemistry, 289, 404-412.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2019.03.066

Petropoulos S, Fernandes Â, Pereira C, Tzortzakis N, Vaz J, Soković M, Barros L, Ferreira IC. Bioactivities, chemical composition and nutritional value of Cynara cardunculus L. seeds. in Food Chemistry. 2019;289:404-412.
doi:10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2019.03.066 .

Petropoulos, Spyridon, Fernandes, Ângela, Pereira, Carla, Tzortzakis, Nikos, Vaz, Josiana, Soković, Marina, Barros, Lillian, Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R., "Bioactivities, chemical composition and nutritional value of Cynara cardunculus L. seeds" in Food Chemistry, 289 (2019):404-412,
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2019.03.066 . .